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Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
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Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
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Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
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Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests01:27

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Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder that leads to the thickening and narrowing of arterial walls due to plaque buildup. This condition can cause various symptoms depending on the arteries affected:Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): This condition affects the coronary arteries and may lead to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath (dyspnea), heart attacks, and other heart disease symptoms.Cerebrovascular Disease: This affects blood flow to the brain, causing transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)...
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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
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Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 6, 2025

Author Spotlight: The Significance of Isolation, Culture, and Adipogenic Induction of SVF-Derived Preadipocytes from Mouse Perivascular Adipose Tissue
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Association Between Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Stroke.

Maria Inês Rosa1, Antonio José Grande2, Leticia Dorsa Lima2

  • 1Laboratory of Biomedicine Translational, University of Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Brazil.

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
|May 10, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Increased epicardial fat thickness (EFT) may link to stroke risk, particularly with metabolic syndrome and atrial fibrillation. Further research is needed to clarify the exact connection between epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and stroke incidence.

Keywords:
atherosclerosisepicardial adipose tissuemetabolic syndromestrokesystematic review

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The Isolation and Culture of Primary Epicardial Cells Derived from Human Adult and Fetal Heart Specimens
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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Neurology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is linked to cardiovascular risks, including endothelial dysfunction and metabolic syndrome.
  • Emerging evidence suggests a potential association between EAT and an increased risk of stroke.
  • Understanding this relationship is crucial for stroke prevention strategies.

Approach:

  • A systematic review was conducted to evaluate studies assessing the association between EAT and stroke.
  • Eighty relevant studies were identified and analyzed.
  • The review assessed the quality of evidence and identified limitations in existing research.

Key Points:

  • Increased epicardial fat thickness (EFT) shows a potential association with stroke episodes.
  • This association is consistent across various imaging modalities like echocardiography, MRI, and CT.
  • Co-existing conditions such as metabolic syndrome and atrial fibrillation appear to amplify stroke risk.

Conclusions:

  • While a clear causal link between EAT and stroke remains elusive, this review consolidates current evidence.
  • The mechanistic pathways connecting increased EAT to stroke incidence require further investigation.
  • Future research should address identified limitations to provide more definitive insights.