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Mediastinal lymphadenopathy in COVID-19: A review of literature

Pahnwat Tonya Taweesedt1, Salim Surani2

  • 1Department of Medicine, Corpus Christi Medical Center, Corpus Christi, TX 78404, United States.

World Journal of Clinical Cases
|May 10, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Mediastinal lymphadenopathy, or enlarged lymph nodes in the chest, is not a typical finding in COVID-19 patients. This review summarizes literature on this association, highlighting the need for further research into its significance.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Radiology
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic causing significant morbidity and mortality.
  • While pulmonary manifestations are common, COVID-19 can affect multiple organ systems, including the gastrointestinal, cardiac, and neurological systems.
  • Chest imaging typically reveals bilateral lung involvement with ground-glass opacities and consolidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and summarize existing literature on mediastinal lymphadenopathy in patients with COVID-19 infection.
  • To investigate the suggested or observed association between COVID-19 and enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes.
  • To highlight the need for further research to understand the clinical significance of this finding.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and summary of studies investigating mediastinal lymphadenopathy in COVID-19 patients.
  • Analysis of reported cases and imaging findings related to mediastinal lymph node enlargement in the context of COVID-19.
  • Synthesis of current understanding regarding the prevalence and potential causes of mediastinal lymphadenopathy in COVID-19.

Main Results:

  • Mediastinal lymphadenopathy is not considered a typical finding on chest computed tomography (CT) in COVID-19 patients.
  • Literature suggests or investigates the presence of mediastinal lymph node enlargement in some COVID-19 cases.
  • The etiology of mediastinal lymphadenopathy in COVID-19 can be infectious or non-infectious, and it is often associated with other conditions like malignancy, sarcoidosis, and heart failure.

Conclusions:

  • The presence of mediastinal lymphadenopathy in COVID-19 patients requires further investigation.
  • Additional research is needed to better characterize the importance and implications of mediastinal lymphadenopathy in the context of COVID-19 infection.
  • Understanding this association may contribute to improved diagnostic and prognostic approaches for COVID-19.

Keywords:
COVID-19Coronavirus disease complicationsLong term coronavirus disease-sequalaLymph node enlargementMediastinal lymphadenopathyNovel corona virus

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