Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

7.2K
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
7.2K
Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes01:33

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

9.6K
Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
9.6K
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

8.5K
Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
8.5K
Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

7.2K
Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
7.2K
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

6.1K
Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
6.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A tailored in vivo CRISPR screen identifies BAP1 as a potent tumor suppressor of sarcoma.

JCI insight·2026
Same author

Servo-Actuated 3D-Printed Disposable Microvalves for Automated, Scalable Organoid Culture in Standard Incubators.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Cloud-connected pluripotent stem cell platform enhances scientific identity in underrepresented students.

Stem cell reports·2026
Same author

Factors influencing patient discussion of genetic test results with health care providers: Insights from a hospital-based population genetic screening program.

Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics·2026
Same author

Novel multiplex immunofluorescence-based tumor inflammation score provides apparent predictive biomarker in a phase I/II study of pembrolizumab with gemcitabine in patients with previously-treated advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Oncoimmunology·2026
Same author

SpikeLab: Agentic tools for spike data analysis.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same journal

XRN2, governed by RNA-binding protein PTBP3, promotes the invasiveness of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Clinical & experimental metastasis·2026
Same journal

Safety evaluation of TOPAZ-1 and KEYNOTE-966 regimens in metastatic biliary tract cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Clinical & experimental metastasis·2026
Same journal

NF1 mutation may be associated with lung-tropic metastasis in cutaneous melanoma: a genomic analysis of 520 patients.

Clinical & experimental metastasis·2026
Same journal

Modeling the role of urokinase-type plasminogen activator, uPA, and circulating cancer-associated fibroblasts (cCAFs) in breast cancer cell extravasation.

Clinical & experimental metastasis·2026
Same journal

Mechanisms of breast cancer dormancy in bone metastasis.

Clinical & experimental metastasis·2026
Same journal

Editorial Expression of Concern: Hypermethylation-mediated inactivation of miR-124 predicts poor prognosis and promotes tumor growth at least partially through targeting EZH2/H3K27me3 in ESCC.

Clinical & experimental metastasis·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 6, 2025

Generation of Heterogeneous Drug Gradients Across Cancer Populations on a Microfluidic Evolution Accelerator for Real-Time Observation
10:24

Generation of Heterogeneous Drug Gradients Across Cancer Populations on a Microfluidic Evolution Accelerator for Real-Time Observation

Published on: September 19, 2019

6.5K

Cancer microenvironment and genomics: evolution in process.

Stanley P Leong1, Isaac P Witz2, Orit Sagi-Assif2

  • 1California Pacific Medical Center and Research Institute, San Francisco, USA.

Clinical & Experimental Metastasis
|May 10, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cancer cells evolve due to genetic mutations and the tumor microenvironment, leading to aggressive cancer growth and spread. Understanding this interaction is key to developing new cancer therapies.

Keywords:
Cancer evolutionCancer heterogeneityCancer metastasisCancer microenvironment

More Related Videos

Using Microarrays to Interrogate Microenvironmental Impact on Cellular Phenotypes in Cancer
08:20

Using Microarrays to Interrogate Microenvironmental Impact on Cellular Phenotypes in Cancer

Published on: May 21, 2019

5.8K
Author Spotlight: Unveiling Transmembrane Protein Family-Related Markers in Gastric Cancer and Implications for Targeted Therapies
07:47

Author Spotlight: Unveiling Transmembrane Protein Family-Related Markers in Gastric Cancer and Implications for Targeted Therapies

Published on: September 15, 2023

1.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 6, 2025

Generation of Heterogeneous Drug Gradients Across Cancer Populations on a Microfluidic Evolution Accelerator for Real-Time Observation
10:24

Generation of Heterogeneous Drug Gradients Across Cancer Populations on a Microfluidic Evolution Accelerator for Real-Time Observation

Published on: September 19, 2019

6.5K
Using Microarrays to Interrogate Microenvironmental Impact on Cellular Phenotypes in Cancer
08:20

Using Microarrays to Interrogate Microenvironmental Impact on Cellular Phenotypes in Cancer

Published on: May 21, 2019

5.8K
Author Spotlight: Unveiling Transmembrane Protein Family-Related Markers in Gastric Cancer and Implications for Targeted Therapies
07:47

Author Spotlight: Unveiling Transmembrane Protein Family-Related Markers in Gastric Cancer and Implications for Targeted Therapies

Published on: September 15, 2023

1.9K

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Tumor Microenvironment Research

Background:

  • Cancer heterogeneity arises from genetic mutations within cancer cells.
  • Cancer cell proliferation is influenced by both autocrine signaling and the tumor microenvironment (TME).
  • The TME comprises stromal cells like immune cells, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells, alongside vascular and lymphatic networks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the complex relationship between cancer cells and their microenvironment.
  • To understand the molecular mechanisms driving cancer evolution within the TME.
  • To identify therapeutic targets for controlling cancer invasion and metastasis.

Main Methods:

  • This study focuses on the conceptual understanding of cancer evolution within the TME.
  • It integrates knowledge from genetic mutation studies and TME composition analysis.
  • The research emphasizes the importance of molecular-level investigations.

Main Results:

  • The TME acts as a selective pressure, promoting the evolution of more aggressive cancer clones.
  • Cancer cells can invade lymphatic or vascular channels, facilitating metastasis to lymph nodes and distant sites.
  • The interaction between cancer cells and the TME is crucial for tumor progression.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding cancer cell-microenvironment interactions is critical for comprehending cancer invasion.
  • Targeting these interactions may lead to novel therapeutic strategies.
  • Further research into the molecular dynamics of the TME is essential for effective cancer treatment.