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COVID-19: The experience from Italy.

Sebastiano Recalcati1, Raffaele Gianotti2, Fabrizio Fantini1

  • 1Dermatology Unit, ASST Lecco, Alessandro Manzoni Hospital, Lecco, Italy.

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COVID-19 infection can cause various skin issues. This study found 15% of patients had new skin conditions, including rashes and vascular lesions, which may help identify contagious cases.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Cutaneous manifestations are increasingly recognized as a sign of COVID-19.
  • The Lombardy region experienced Italy's first major COVID-19 outbreak.
  • Understanding dermatologic signs is crucial for early detection and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the prevalence and impact of dermatologic manifestations in COVID-19 patients.
  • To identify distinct cutaneous clinical patterns associated with the infection.
  • To explore the potential of skin findings in identifying contagious individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 345 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients.
  • Data collected from February 1 to May 31, 2020, in Lombardy, Italy.
  • Recording of cutaneous signs and dermatologic diagnoses upon admission and during illness.

Main Results:

  • 15% (52 out of 345) of patients developed new-onset dermatologic conditions.
  • Seven major cutaneous patterns were observed, categorized into exanthems, vascular lesions, and others.
  • Detailed analysis included prevalence, age, duration, prognosis, and histology for each pattern.

Conclusions:

  • Cutaneous findings are significant indicators of COVID-19 infection.
  • Skin manifestations can aid in identifying potentially contagious patients, even those with mild symptoms.
  • Dermatologic surveillance may play a role in the broader COVID-19 response.