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Related Concept Videos

Biofilms01:29

Biofilms

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Biofilms are complex communities of microorganisms encased in a self-produced extracellular polysaccharide matrix attached to surfaces. These microbial consortia can include single or multiple species, providing enhanced survival benefits by forming organized, multilayered structures.The formation of biofilms occurs through four key stages: attachment, colonization, development, and dispersal.During attachment, free-swimming planktonic cells adhere to a surface, often facilitated by...
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Tracheostomy: Procedure and Tubes01:28

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A tracheostomy is a surgical procedure that creates an artificial opening into the trachea, typically at the second or third cartilaginous ring level. This opening allows the insertion of a tracheostomy tube, which can replace an endotracheal tube, provide mechanical ventilation, bypass an upper airway obstruction, or remove accumulated tracheobronchial secretions.
Tracheostomy tubes can be made of semiflexible plastic (polyurethane or silicone), rigid plastic, or metal, and they come in...
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Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen01:16

Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen

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Oxygen therapy is a pivotal aspect of medical care, particularly for patients with respiratory ailments. Two prominent oxygen-delivering systems include the Venturi mask and the transtracheal oxygen catheter.
Venturi Mask
The Venturi mask, named after the Venturi effect, is designed to deliver precise oxygen concentrations. It consists of a large tube with an oxygen inlet that narrows down, causing a pressure drop that pulls air in through adjustable side ports. The mask is a lightweight,...
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Oxygen Delivering System III: Tracheostomy and T-piece01:23

Oxygen Delivering System III: Tracheostomy and T-piece

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Oxygen delivery is critical in clinical care, especially for patients with respiratory disorders or those undergoing surgical procedures. Various systems, such as tracheostomy and the T-piece, deliver oxygen to the lungs, ensuring adequate arterial oxygenation.
Tracheostomy
A tracheostomy is a surgically created opening (stoma) in the anterior part of the trachea. It is used to establish a patient airway, bypass an upper airway obstruction, simplify the removal of secretions, permit long-term...
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Tracheostomy Decannulation01:21

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Tracheostomy decannulation is a significant milestone in the liberation of mechanically ventilated patients. Despite its importance, there is no universally accepted protocol for this procedure. This demands an evidence-based, individualized approach.
Description of the Procedure
Decannulation refers to the permanent removal of the tracheostomy tube, signaling the resolution of the condition that initially necessitated the tracheostomy. The process requires a well-coordinated interplay between...
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Tracheostomy Care II: Procedure01:25

Tracheostomy Care II: Procedure

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Tracheostomy care is an essential nursing skill that involves cleaning and maintaining a tracheostomy tube to prevent infection and other complications. Here's a step-by-step guide explaining each procedure with its rationale. Note that disposable gloves are to be worn at all times and changed as often as needed to maintain a sterile work environment, and to protect both patient and healthcare worker.
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Visualizing the Effects of Sputum on Biofilm Development Using a Chambered Coverglass Model
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Bacterial Biofilms on Tracheostomy Tubes.

Nandini Raveendra1, Subhodha H Rathnakara1, Neha Haswani2

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yenepoya Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka India.

Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery : Official Publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India
|May 11, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Biofilm-forming bacteria like Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae commonly colonize tracheostomy tubes, increasing infection risk. Amikacin, Gentamicin, and Ciprofloxacin show the most sensitivity against these resistant organisms.

Keywords:
Antibiotic sensitivityBiofilmMultidrug resistanceTracheostomy tubes

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Tracheostomy tubes serve as indwelling prostheses, creating surfaces conducive to bacterial growth.
  • Bacterial biofilm formation on tracheostomy tubes is a significant concern, contributing to antimicrobial resistance and nosocomial infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify common biofilm-producing organisms on tracheostomy tubes.
  • To determine the antibiotic sensitivity patterns of these organisms in a clinical setting.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective observational study was conducted.
  • Bacterial isolates from tracheostomy tubes were assessed for biofilm production.
  • Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed on isolated organisms.

Main Results:

  • 57% of isolates demonstrated biofilm production.
  • Acinetobacter baumannii (45%) was the most frequent biofilm producer and multidrug-resistant organism (35.7%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (28.5%).
  • Amikacin (43%), Gentamicin (30%), and Ciprofloxacin (18.5%) were the most effective antibiotics against both biofilm producers and non-producers. Biofilm formation showed no significant association with ventilator use or pre-existing infections.

Conclusions:

  • Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae are key biofilm-forming pathogens on tracheostomy tubes.
  • Sensitivity-based antibiotic selection, particularly Amikacin, Gentamicin, and Ciprofloxacin, is crucial for managing infections.
  • Early biofilm formation necessitates stringent tracheostomy tube hygiene and consideration of prophylactic antibiotics, even in patients without pre-existing infections.