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Risk Factors and Clinical Characteristics of Metabolic Bone Disease of Prematurity

Mehmet Mutlu1, Filiz Aktürk-Acar1, Şebnem Kader1

  • 1Department of Neonatology, Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Medicine, Trabzon, Turkey.

American Journal of Perinatology
|May 11, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Anticonvulsive drug use is a significant risk factor for metabolic bone disease of prematurity (MBDP). Stopping these drugs when possible may reduce MBDP incidence in premature infants. Further research is needed.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Critical Care Pediatrics

Background:

  • Metabolic bone disease of prematurity (MBDP) affects vulnerable premature infants.
  • Identifying risk factors and clinical features is crucial for management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze risk factors and clinical features of MBDP in premature infants.
  • To compare infants with MBDP to similar infants without the condition.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective case-control study involving 81 MBDP cases and 63 controls.
  • Inclusion criteria: gestational age ≤33 weeks, birth weight <1,500g.
  • Medical records were reviewed for maternal conditions, risk factors, and clinical characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Bone fractures and invasive ventilator dependence were common MBDP features.
  • Higher rates of ventilation, necrotizing enterocolitis, corticosteroid, anticonvulsant, dexamethasone, caffeine use, TPN, and longer hospitalization in MBDP cases.
  • Breastfeeding and human milk fortifier were associated with lower MBDP incidence.
  • Anticonvulsive drug use was a significant risk factor (OR: 2.935).

Conclusions:

  • Anticonvulsive drug use is a significant risk factor for MBDP development.
  • Discontinue anticonvulsants if long-term use is not essential.
  • Further research is required to fully elucidate MBDP risk factors and features.
Abstract

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