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Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a colorless liquid that flows around the brain and the spinal cord, playing a vital role in the protection, support, and overall function of the central nervous system (CNS). CSF production, circulation, and absorption are tightly regulated processes essential for the brain and spinal cord to function properly.
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There are hollow fluid-filled cavities known as ventricles deep inside the human brain. There are two lateral ventricles, one in each cerebral hemisphere, and each has three different projections — the anterior, inferior, and posterior horns visible from the lateral side. A thin membrane called the septum pellucidum separates the two lateral ventricles. The slender third ventricle in the diencephalon is connected to each lateral ventricle via a channel called the interventricular foramen.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 6, 2025

A Choroid Plexus Epithelial Cell-based Model of the Human Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier to Study Bacterial Infection from the Basolateral Side
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A CSF pseudocyst.

Jessica Folk1, Samuel Klein2

  • 1Division of Emergency Medicine, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL, United States of America; University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States of America.

The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
|May 12, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

CSF pseudocysts are a rare complication of ventriculoperitoneal shunts. This case highlights the importance of considering pseudocysts in patients with abdominal complaints and prior shunt history.

Keywords:
Abdominal massAscitesCSFNeurosurgeryOvarian massVP shuntVentriculoperitoneal shunt

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Gynecology

Background:

  • Ventriculoperitoneal shunts are used to treat hydrocephalus.
  • CSF pseudocysts are a rare but serious complication of shunts.

Observation:

  • A 51-year-old female with a history of ventriculoperitoneal shunt presented with abdominal distension.
  • CT imaging revealed a large cystic abdominal lesion, with differentials including CSF pseudocyst and ovarian mass.

Findings:

  • The patient underwent cyst paracentesis and ventriculoperitoneal shunt revision.
  • Diagnosis of CSF pseudocyst was confirmed, necessitating specialized management.

Implications:

  • CSF pseudocysts should be considered in the differential diagnosis of abdominal complaints in patients with ventriculoperitoneal shunts.
  • Prompt diagnosis and intervention are crucial for managing this rare complication.