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Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

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Superconducting diode effect via conformal-mapped nanoholes.

Yang-Yang Lyu^1,2, Ji Jiang^3,4, Yong-Lei Wang⁵

¹Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.

Nature Communications

|May 12, 2021

Summary

Researchers developed a superconducting diode using patterned nanoscale holes in a conventional film. This breakthrough enables ultralow power consumption electronics by breaking inversion symmetry for efficient current rectification.

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Area of Science:

Condensed Matter Physics
Materials Science
Nanotechnology

Background:

Superconducting diodes offer dissipationless current flow for ultralow power electronics.
Conventional superconducting diodes require non-centrosymmetric materials, which are rare.
Existing superconducting diodes have limited rectification efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate a novel superconducting diode in a conventional material.
To break spatial inversion symmetry using nanoscale patterning.
To achieve efficient and tunable current rectification for superconducting electronics.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of a conventional superconducting film patterned with a conformal array of nanoscale holes.
Characterization of the device to demonstrate the superconducting diode effect.
Measurement of rectification signals and comparison with existing technologies.

Main Results:

Successfully demonstrated a superconducting diode effect in a patterned conventional superconducting film.
Achieved switchable and reversible rectification signals.
Rectification signals were up to three orders of magnitude larger than those from flux-quantum diodes.

Conclusions:

Patterning superconducting films with nanoscale holes effectively breaks spatial inversion symmetry.
This method provides a convenient, tunable, and advantageous approach for creating superconducting diodes.
The technique is broadly applicable to various superconducting materials, including high-transition-temperature cuprates and iron-based superconductors.