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A high fat western diet attenuates phasic dopamine release.

Mary K Estes1, Jasric J Bland1, Kenya K Ector1

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|May 12, 2021
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Summary

A high-fat Western Diet (WD) reduced dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) in mice. This hypodopaminergic profile suggests diet impacts reward pathways and may influence dopamine-related disorders.

Keywords:
AmperometryDopamineHigh fat dietNucleus accumbensPhasicWestern diet

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurobiology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Mesolimbic dopamine pathways in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) are crucial for processing natural rewards and drugs of abuse.
  • While drugs of abuse cause significant dopamine release, the long-term impact of diet composition on this system is less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the long-term effects of a Western Diet (WD) compared to a control diet on the mesolimbic dopamine system.
  • To determine how diet composition influences dopamine release and dopamine transporter (DAT) function in the NAc.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty male C57BL/6J mice were fed either a WD or a control diet for twelve weeks.
  • In vivo fixed potential amperometry was used to measure dopamine release in the NAc.
  • Dopamine release was assessed before and after nomifensine (a DAT inhibitor) administration.

Main Results:

  • Mice on the WD exhibited a hypodopaminergic profile compared to the control group.
  • Reduced baseline dopamine release was observed in the WD group.
  • The WD group showed an attenuated dopamine response to DAT inhibition.

Conclusions:

  • Diet composition significantly alters mesolimbic dopamine system functioning.
  • Long-term consumption of a WD may lead to reduced dopamine signaling in the NAc.
  • Dietary interventions could play a role in managing dopamine-related behaviors and disorders.