Alpha and beta neural oscillations differentially reflect age-related differences in bilateral coordination

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Motor Control
• Human Aging

Background:

• Bilateral coordination, including in-phase (IP) and anti-phase (AP) movements, is crucial for daily activities.
• Aging is linked to reduced bilateral coordination, especially in AP movements, but neural underpinnings are unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate age-related differences in neural mechanisms underlying bilateral IP and AP hand movements.
• To compare motor performance and brain activity between young and older adults during distinct bilateral coordination tasks.

Main Methods:

• Kinematic measurements and electroencephalography (EEG) were used to assess motor performance.
• Participants performed bilateral in-phase and anti-phase hand movements while EEG data was recorded.

Main Results:

• Reduced inter-limb synchronization was observed during AP movements, with a more pronounced effect in older adults.
• Age-related differences in alpha and beta oscillatory power were found, particularly over motor cortical areas.
• Stronger beta-band directional connectivity predicted decreased inter-limb synchronization during AP movements, especially in older adults.

Conclusions:

• Age-related declines in bilateral coordination modes (IP and AP) are associated with distinct neural changes.
• Differences in alpha/beta oscillatory power and interhemispheric connectivity contribute to age-related motor control impairments.