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Aptamer-based lateral flow assay on-site biosensors.

Lei Huang1, Shulin Tian1, Wenhao Zhao1

  • 1School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.

Biosensors & Bioelectronics
|May 12, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Aptamers offer a superior alternative to antibodies in lateral flow assays (LFAs), enabling rapid, on-site detection of analytes. This review highlights aptamer-based LFAs for improved diagnostics, including for SARS-CoV-2.

Keywords:
AptamerBiosensorLateral flow assayOn-site detection

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Area of Science:

  • Biosensors and diagnostics
  • Nucleic acid aptamer technology
  • Point-of-care testing

Background:

  • Lateral flow assays (LFAs) are common paper-based biosensors for rapid on-site detection.
  • Antibodies, traditionally used in LFAs, have limitations including animal use and storage requirements.
  • Aptamers, selected in vitro, offer a stable and versatile alternative biorecognition element for LFAs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in aptamer-based lateral flow assays (LFAs).
  • To explore different formats and signal amplification strategies for aptamer-based LFAs.
  • To discuss the potential of aptamer-LFAs for rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 and commercialization.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on aptamer-based LFAs published in the last three years.
  • Detailed description of sandwich, competitive, and adsorption-desorption formats.
  • Discussion of signal amplification and multiplexed detection strategies.

Main Results:

  • Aptamers provide a viable alternative to antibodies in LFAs, overcoming limitations of traditional methods.
  • Various aptamer-LFA formats, including sandwich, competitive, and adsorption-desorption, are effective for analyte detection.
  • Signal amplification and multiplexing enhance the capabilities of aptamer-based LFAs.

Conclusions:

  • Aptamer-based LFAs represent a significant advancement in on-site biosensing technology.
  • These assays offer improved stability, versatility, and potential for rapid diagnostics, particularly for emerging infectious diseases like SARS-CoV-2.
  • Further development and commercialization of aptamer-LFAs are promising for point-of-care applications.