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Published on: April 10, 2018
Long non-coding RNAs in brain tumors: roles and potential as therapeutic targets
Sung-Hyun Kim1, Key-Hwan Lim1, Sumin Yang1
1Neurodegenerative Disease Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, 41062, Republic of Korea.
Abstract:
Brain tumors are associated with adverse outcomes despite improvements in radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and photodynamic therapy. However, treatment approaches are evolving, and new biological phenomena are being explored to identify the appropriate treatment of brain tumors. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a type of non-coding RNA longer than 200 nucleotides, regulate gene expression at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and epigenetic levels and are involved in a variety of biological functions. Recent studies on lncRNAs have revealed their aberrant expression in various cancers, with distinct expression patterns associated with their instrumental roles in cancer. Abnormal expression of lncRNAs has also been identified in brain tumors. Here, we review the potential roles of lncRNAs and their biological functions in the context of brain tumors. We also summarize the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways related to lncRNAs that may guide clinical trials for brain tumor therapy.
Insights
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) show abnormal expression in brain tumors, playing key roles in cancer. Understanding lncRNA functions and pathways may lead to new brain tumor therapies.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Oncology
- Genetics
Background:
- Brain tumors remain a significant challenge despite advances in conventional therapies.
- Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging regulators of gene expression with critical roles in various cancers.
- Aberrant lncRNA expression is increasingly recognized in the development and progression of brain tumors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the potential roles and biological functions of lncRNAs in brain tumors.
- To summarize the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways involving lncRNAs in brain cancer.
- To explore how lncRNA research can inform future clinical trials for brain tumor treatment.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent studies on lncRNAs and brain tumors.
- Analysis of lncRNA expression patterns in different brain tumor types.
- Examination of molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways regulated by lncRNAs.
Main Results:
- lncRNAs are dysregulated in brain tumors and influence tumorigenesis.
- Specific lncRNAs are associated with distinct expression patterns and biological functions in brain cancers.
- lncRNAs participate in key cellular processes relevant to brain tumor development, including proliferation, migration, and apoptosis.
Conclusions:
- lncRNAs represent promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets for brain tumors.
- Further investigation into lncRNA-mediated mechanisms can guide the development of novel clinical strategies.
- Targeting lncRNAs offers a potential avenue for improving brain tumor treatment outcomes.
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