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Measuring and evaluating progress towards Universal Health Coverage in China.
Xiaoyun Liu1, Ziyue Wang1, Huan Zhang2
1China Centre for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Journal of Global Health
|May 13, 2021
Summary
China has improved health service accessibility and affordability, developing Universal Health Coverage (UHC) indices. Key challenges remain in integrating care and managing medical costs to reduce patient financial burdens.
Area of Science:
- Health Economics
- Public Health Policy
- Healthcare Systems Research
Background:
- Developing and applying Universal Health Coverage (UHC) indices specific to China.
- Measuring progress in China's healthcare system towards UHC goals.
Purpose of the Study:
- To create Chinese Universal Health Coverage (UHC) indices.
- To assess China's advancement in achieving UHC.
Main Methods:
- Constructed UHC indices using 19 indicators for accessibility and affordability.
- Utilized national health statistics, surveys, and reform surveillance data (2002-2018).
- Assessed absolute/relative accessibility (service, hospital, perception) and affordability (catastrophic health expenditure, expenditure composition, perception).
Main Results:
- Both accessibility and affordability indices showed consistent improvement over 17 years.
- Absolute accessibility significantly increased from 23.6 to 73.8; relative accessibility decreased from 81.4 to 67.3.
- Absolute affordability initially decreased then rose to 52.1; relative affordability steadily increased from 35.3 to 75.4.
Conclusions:
- China demonstrated substantial progress in health service accessibility and affordability post-2009 reforms.
- Integrating primary and hospital care is crucial for strengthening the health system.
- Controlling escalating medical expenditures is vital to alleviate patient financial burdens.
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