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Related Concept Videos

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Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 5, 2025

The Use of the Puzzle Box as a Means of Assessing the Efficacy of Environmental Enrichment
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Prolonged Environmental Enrichment Promotes Developmental Myelination.

Evan Z Goldstein1, Vera Pertsovskaya2, Thomas A Forbes1

  • 1Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, United States.

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
|May 13, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Environmental enrichment during development enhances myelin formation in mice. This leads to improved oligodendrocyte function and better motor coordination, highlighting the impact of experience on brain development.

Keywords:
developmentenriched environmentgliahypermyelinationmotor coordinationmyelinoligodendrocyte

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Glial Biology

Background:

  • Postnatal neurodevelopment is significantly shaped by environmental factors.
  • Environmental enrichment is known to induce plasticity but its effect on normal glial development, particularly myelination, is understudied.
  • Oligodendrocytes, crucial for myelin production and axonal support, are key to sensory, cognitive, and motor functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of environmental enrichment on oligodendrocyte development and myelination during a critical postnatal period.
  • To explore experience-dependent changes in the oligodendrocyte translatome.
  • To assess the functional consequences of environmental enrichment on motor behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Mice were housed in an enriched environment during peak postnatal myelination.
  • Oligodendrocyte-specific RNAs were isolated from subcortical white matter using translating ribosome affinity purification.
  • RNA-sequencing was performed to analyze the oligodendrocyte translatome at various postnatal ages.
  • Oligodendrocyte lineage cell dynamics and myelination were assessed.
  • Motor coordination was evaluated using a beam walking task.

Main Results:

  • Prolonged environmental enrichment induced significant changes in the oligodendrocyte translatome.
  • These translational alterations were associated with modified oligodendrocyte lineage cell dynamics.
  • Enhanced myelination was observed in enriched mice.
  • Enriched mice demonstrated improved motor coordination compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • Protracted environmental stimulation is sufficient to modulate developmental myelination.
  • Environmental enrichment positively impacts oligodendrocyte function and promotes enhanced myelination.
  • Experience-dependent myelination contributes to improved behavioral function, specifically motor coordination.