Functional bionanomaterials for cell surface engineering in cancer immunotherapy

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Nanotechnology
• Immunology

Background:

• The cell surface is critical for immune recognition and privilege in cancer.
• Cell surface engineering (CSE) offers a promising strategy to enhance cancer immunotherapy.
• Functional bionanomaterials are increasingly utilized for CSE applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent advancements in using functional bionanomaterials for cell surface engineering (CSE) in cancer immunotherapy.
• To highlight the role of CSE in modulating immune effector cell (IEC) and tumor cell interactions.
• To discuss the potential of CSE for developing novel cancer immunity paradigms.

Main Methods:

• Application of functional bionanomaterials for cell surface modification.
• Techniques include genetic engineering, metabolic labeling, chemical conjugation, and hydrophobic insertion.
• CSE can be performed ex vivo or in vivo, on immune effector cells or tumor cells.

Main Results:

• Engineered cell surfaces facilitate enhanced recognition and interaction between IECs and tumor cells.
• CSE strategies lead to improved anticancer immunity.
• Development of new paradigms in cancer immunity through surface manipulation.

Conclusions:

• Functional bionanomaterials are key to advancing cell surface engineering for cancer immunotherapy.
• CSE holds significant potential for eliciting effective and targeted anticancer immune responses.
• Further research in bionanomaterial-based CSE can lead to innovative cancer treatment strategies.