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Functional bionanomaterials for cell surface engineering in cancer immunotherapy
Abstract:
The cell surface is the forward position in cancer immunotherapy, with surface ligand and receptor interactions between various cells for determining immune privilege or recognition. Therefore, cell surface engineering (CSE) that manipulates the surface interactions between the immune effector cells (IECs) and tumor cells represents a promising means for eliciting effective anticancer immunity. Specifically, taking advantage of the development in biomaterials and nanotechnology, the use of functional bionanomaterials for CSE is attracting more and more attention in recent years. Rationally designed functional biomaterials have been applied to construct artificial functional modules on the surface of cells through genetic engineering, metabolic labeling, chemical conjugation, hydrophobic insertion, and many other means, and the CSE process can be performed both ex vivo and in vivo, on either IECs or tumor cells, and results in enhanced anticancer immunity and various new cancer immunity paradigms. In this review, we will summarize the recent exciting progresses made in the application of functional bionanomaterials for CSE especially in establishing effective recognition and interaction between IECs and tumor cells.
Insights
Cell surface engineering (CSE) uses functional bionanomaterials to enhance cancer immunotherapy by improving interactions between immune effector cells and tumor cells for better anticancer immunity.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Nanotechnology
- Immunology
Background:
- The cell surface is critical for immune recognition and privilege in cancer.
- Cell surface engineering (CSE) offers a promising strategy to enhance cancer immunotherapy.
- Functional bionanomaterials are increasingly utilized for CSE applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in using functional bionanomaterials for cell surface engineering (CSE) in cancer immunotherapy.
- To highlight the role of CSE in modulating immune effector cell (IEC) and tumor cell interactions.
- To discuss the potential of CSE for developing novel cancer immunity paradigms.
Main Methods:
- Application of functional bionanomaterials for cell surface modification.
- Techniques include genetic engineering, metabolic labeling, chemical conjugation, and hydrophobic insertion.
- CSE can be performed ex vivo or in vivo, on immune effector cells or tumor cells.
Main Results:
- Engineered cell surfaces facilitate enhanced recognition and interaction between IECs and tumor cells.
- CSE strategies lead to improved anticancer immunity.
- Development of new paradigms in cancer immunity through surface manipulation.
Conclusions:
- Functional bionanomaterials are key to advancing cell surface engineering for cancer immunotherapy.
- CSE holds significant potential for eliciting effective and targeted anticancer immune responses.
- Further research in bionanomaterial-based CSE can lead to innovative cancer treatment strategies.
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