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Expanded Analysis of 20 Pneumococcal Serotypes Associated With Radiographically Confirmed Community-acquired

Raul Isturiz1, Lindsay Grant1, Sharon Gray1

  • 1Medical Development, Scientific and Clinical Affairs, Pfizer Inc, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA.

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
|May 13, 2021
PubMed

Insights

A new urinary antigen detection assay (UAD2) found that non-vaccine serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae cause a significant portion of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in hospitalized adults. PCV20 vaccine may help reduce this disease burden.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Vaccinology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Streptococcus pneumoniae causes community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).
  • The 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) reduced disease from its targeted serotypes.
  • Non-vaccine serotypes remain a significant cause of pneumococcal disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the burden of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes in hospitalized adults with CAP.
  • To evaluate the utility of a novel urinary antigen detection assay (UAD2) for identifying additional serotypes.
  • To determine the potential impact of the 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV20).

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study of adults hospitalized with radiographically confirmed CAP (October 2013-September 2016).
  • S pneumoniae detection via blood/respiratory cultures, BinaxNOW urine testing, and UAD.
  • Serotyping using UAD1 (PCV13 serotypes) and UAD2 (7 PCV20-unique and 4 additional serotypes).

Main Results:

  • 1482 of 12,055 CAP patients were positive for S pneumoniae.
  • PCV13 and PCV20-unique serotypes caused 37.7% and 27.0% of cases, respectively.
  • UAD2 exclusively identified 288 S pneumoniae cases.

Conclusions:

  • A significant proportion of adult CAP is associated with PCV20-unique serotypes.
  • The investigational PCV20 vaccine may effectively address the burden of CAP caused by these additional serotypes.
  • UAD2 is a valuable tool for comprehensive serotype identification in CAP.
Abstract

Keywords:
20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccinePneumoniaadultserotypesurinary antigen detection

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