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Co-located angularly offset fiber Bragg grating pair for temperature-compensated unambiguous 3D shape sensing.

Dingyi Feng, Jacques Albert, Yueguo Hou

    Applied Optics
    |May 13, 2021
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study presents a novel 3D fiber optic shape sensor using offset fiber Bragg gratings. The sensor accurately measures shape and orientation, unaffected by temperature or axial strain.

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    A Silicon-tipped Fiber-optic Sensing Platform with High Resolution and Fast Response
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    A Silicon-tipped Fiber-optic Sensing Platform with High Resolution and Fast Response

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    Area of Science:

    • Fiber optics
    • Optical sensing
    • Materials science

    Background:

    • Fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) are widely used for sensing applications.
    • Existing FBG sensors often lack the ability to measure 3D shape or are sensitive to external factors like temperature.
    • A need exists for robust, multi-dimensional fiber optic shape sensing.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and experimentally demonstrate a 10 mm-long, single-mode fiber optic sensor capable of 3D shape measurement.
    • To investigate the sensor's sensitivity to bending in all azimuthal directions.
    • To evaluate the sensor's immunity to axial deformation and temperature variations.

    Main Methods:

    • Inscribing a pair of offset fiber Bragg gratings at the same location but different radial directions within a single-mode fiber.
    • Utilizing the differential amplitude response of cladding mode resonances from the two gratings to detect directional bending.
    • Analyzing the spectral shifts and amplitude changes in response to bending, axial strain, and temperature.

    Main Results:

    • The sensor demonstrated unambiguous 3D shape orientation determination across a full 360° range.
    • High sensitivity to bending (order of 1 dB/m⁻¹) was achieved for small curvatures (0-1 m⁻¹).
    • Axial deformation and temperature changes resulted only in global wavelength shifts, not affecting shape measurement accuracy.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed fiber optic sensor provides a robust and accurate method for 3D shape sensing.
    • The sensor's design offers immunity to axial strain and temperature, enhancing its practical applicability.
    • This technology has potential applications in robotics, medical devices, and structural health monitoring.