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Efficient vortex beam generation using gradient refractive-index microphase plates.

Junchao Zhou, Pao Tai Lin

    Applied Optics
    |May 13, 2021
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Researchers created novel gradient refractive-index phase plates (GRPs) to generate uniform vortex beams. These micro-GRPs efficiently convert Gaussian beams into Laguerre-Gaussian modes with controllable topological charges.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Vortex beams, characterized by orbital angular momentum, have diverse applications in optical manipulation and communication.
    • Generating vortex beams efficiently and with controllable properties remains a key challenge in optics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To theoretically demonstrate a novel method for generating uniform vortex beams using $N$-segment microphase plates.
    • To design gradient refractive-index phase plates (GRPs) capable of converting Gaussian modes to Laguerre-Gaussian modes with specific topological charges.

    Main Methods:

    • Patterning fiber facets with $N$-segment microphase plates made of aluminum oxynitride.
    • Designing gradient refractive-index profiles to introduce a $2\pi l$ azimuthal optical phase difference.
    • Utilizing a three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method to simulate optical phase maps and far-field beam profiles.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully converted a fiber Gaussian mode to a Laguerre-Gaussian mode with controllable topological charge ($l$).
    • Obtained a uniform vortex beam with a symmetrical doughnut shape through optimization of GRP radii and segment numbers.
    • Demonstrated the efficacy of micro-GRPs for efficient vortex beam generation.

    Conclusions:

    • Micro-GRPs offer a promising approach for creating flat optical components for efficient vortex beam generation.
    • The proposed method allows for precise control over the topological charge of generated vortex beams.
    • This technology has potential implications for advanced optical systems and applications requiring structured light.