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Point absorbers in Advanced LIGO.

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    Tiny, highly absorbing spots on gravitational wave detector optics cause significant sensitivity loss. This study analyzes their impact and proposes corrections for current and future detectors.

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    Area of Science:

    • Gravitational Wave Astronomy
    • Optics and Photonics
    • Interferometry

    Background:

    • Micron-scale absorbers on interferometer optics in Advanced LIGO cause nanometer-scale deformations.
    • These deformations reduce interferometer sensitivity by affecting power-recycling gain and control systems.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the impact of point absorbers on optical surfaces in gravitational wave detectors.
    • To describe the effect of these absorbers on power buildup in dual-recycled Fabry-Perot Michelson interferometers.
    • To propose system-wide corrections for current and future gravitational wave detectors.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of expected surface deformation from point absorbers.
    • Pedagogical description of the impact on power buildup in second-generation detectors.
    • Analysis of power-dependent reduction in interferometer performance.

    Main Results:

    • Point absorbers can degrade maximum stored power by up to 50%.
    • This degradation limits gravitational wave (GW) sensitivity.
    • Strategies for mitigation in current and future GW detectors are reviewed.

    Conclusions:

    • Point absorbers pose a significant challenge to achieving higher stored power in future GW detectors.
    • System-wide corrections can mitigate the negative effects of point absorbers.
    • Implementing these corrections is crucial for maximizing the success of future GW detection enterprises.