Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 5, 2025

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies
Published on: February 6, 2019
Proton beam therapy for children and adolescents and young adults (AYAs): JASTRO and JSPHO Guidelines
Masashi Mizumoto1, Hiroshi Fuji2, Mitsuru Miyachi3
1Departments of Radiation Oncology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Abstract:
Children and adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer are often treated with a multidisciplinary approach. This includes use of radiotherapy, which is important for local control, but may also cause adverse events in the long term, including second cancer. The risks for limited growth and development, endocrine dysfunction, reduced fertility and second cancer in children and AYAs are reduced by proton beam therapy (PBT), which has a dose distribution that decreases irradiation of normal organs while still targeting the tumor. To define the outcomes and characteristics of PBT in cancer treatment in pediatric and AYA patients, this document was developed by the Japanese Society for Radiation Oncology (JASTRO) and the Japanese Society of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (JSPHO).
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Treatment Resistant Cancers
Targeted Cancer Therapies
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Prostacyclin Receptor Agonists
These agonists bind to the IPR receptor situated on the plasma membrane of the pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. This binding triggers a cascade of reactions known as the GS-AC-cAMP-PKA pathway. This pathway results in the relaxation of smooth muscle...
Cancer Therapies
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Radiation: Applications
The average...
Biological Effects of Radiation

