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Related Concept Videos

Design Example: Alignment of a Road Line Using GIS01:17

Design Example: Alignment of a Road Line Using GIS

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The alignment of a road line using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is a critical process in civil engineering, combining advanced technology with practical decision-making. This methodology begins with the collection of geospatial data, including information on land cover, geomorphology, drainage patterns, slope, and contour details. Such data is typically acquired through satellite imagery and GIS tools, offering a comprehensive understanding of the terrain.Once the data is gathered, it...
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Elevation of Intermediate Points on Vertical Curves01:20

Elevation of Intermediate Points on Vertical Curves

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Vertical curves are essential in roadway design because they provide smooth transitions between varying roadway grades. Designing vertical curves involves calculating intermediate elevations and identifying the curve's highest or lowest point, which is essential for optimal roadway performance.Intermediate elevations on a vertical curve are determined using the tangent offset method. This method considers the initial elevation at the start of the curve, the grades, and the curve's geometry. The...
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Surveyors use Global Positioning System (GPS) technology to measure the precise location and elevation of points on Earth. In a recent survey, GPS receivers were used to determine the coordinates and elevations of two park monuments. The process involved careful mission planning, data collection, and correction to ensure accuracy. The survey began with mission planning to identify optimal satellite visibility and minimize Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP). A geodetic control point...
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Design Example: Maintaining Level of an Embankment01:19

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Constructing a roadway embankment over uneven terrain requires precise leveling to ensure stability and proper drainage. Surveyors use a leveling instrument and staff to calculate ground elevations and determine the required fill material at each point along the embankment alignment.The process begins by positioning a leveling instrument near a benchmark with a known elevation. A backsight reading establishes the instrument height, which serves as a reference for subsequent measurements. A...
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Manipulation and Analysis01:21

Manipulation and Analysis

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GIS manipulation and analysis functions are vital for decision-making and planning. These activities range from data retrieval tasks, such as selecting information based on specific criteria, to advanced analytical techniques that address complex spatial problems.One critical GIS analysis method is overlaying, which combines multiple data layers to examine impacts. For example, overlaying a river-dammed lake boundary with road networks can identify affected infrastructure. Another common...
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Profile Leveling and Cross Sections01:26

Profile Leveling and Cross Sections

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Profile leveling and cross-sections are surveying methods used to determine and document terrain elevations for infrastructure projects such as highways, railroads, canals, and pipelines. These methods provide data for earthwork planning and alignment of proposed routes.  Profile leveling involves measuring elevations along a fixed line to create a vertical terrain profile. A surveyor sets up a leveling instrument at the benchmark (BM) and records a backsight (BS) to determine the...
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Formulating a GIS-based geometric design quality assessment model for Mountain highways.

Hong Zhang1, Min Zhang2, Chi Zhang1

  • 1Key Laboratory for Special Area Highway Engineering of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, Shaanxi, China; Engineering Research Center of Highway Infrastructure Digitalization, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, 710000, Shaanxi, China.

Accident; Analysis and Prevention
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PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a GIS-based model to assess mountain highway design quality, improving traffic safety. Key findings highlight how steep slopes and alignment changes impact safety, guiding better road design.

Keywords:
DEMATELFTAGDQGISMountainous highwaysRoad traffic safety

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Area of Science:

  • Civil Engineering
  • Transportation Engineering
  • Geographic Information Systems

Background:

  • Mountainous highways are crucial for economic development but pose significant design challenges due to complex terrain.
  • Identifying road geometric design defects and accident blind spots is vital for ensuring safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an innovative Geographic Information System (GIS)-based model for assessing the geometric design quality of mountain highways.
  • To identify and analyze risk factors affecting highway design and safety in mountainous regions.

Main Methods:

  • Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) to identify highway design risk factors.
  • Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) technique for factor weighting and sensitivity analysis.
  • Integration of driving suitability, traffic safety, risk factors, and effective distance into a comprehensive assessment model.

Main Results:

  • The developed model effectively validates the link between improved geometric design quality and enhanced traffic safety on mountain highways.
  • Steep slopes, tunnels, and rapid horizontal/vertical alignment changes were identified as critical factors compromising geometric design quality (GDQ).

Conclusions:

  • Improving geometric design quality is essential for enhancing the traffic safety of mountainous highways.
  • Further investigation into the configuration of parameters like slopes, tunnels, and alignment changes is recommended for safer road design.
  • The study offers valuable insights for accident prevention, high-risk road identification, traffic safety management, and smart transportation systems.