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Fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensor utilizing LiNbO3 straight through waveguide phase modulator.

Fu Ma, Ningfang Song, Xiaxiao Wang

    Optics Express
    |May 14, 2021
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A new fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensor (DAS) uses a novel phase modulator, improving acoustic signal detection. This system offers accurate demodulation of weak signals with high frequency response, outperforming traditional methods.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optoelectronics
    • Fiber Optic Sensing
    • Acoustic Detection

    Background:

    • Traditional homodyne detection systems for distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) face limitations such as low modulation frequency and unstable performance associated with piezoelectric transducers (PZT).
    • Existing systems are often constrained by the pulse repetition frequency, limiting their detection capabilities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present a novel fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensor (DAS) system.
    • To introduce a new phase generation carrier (PGC) modulation module utilizing a LiNbO3 straight through waveguide phase modulator.
    • To overcome the limitations of traditional PZT-based systems in terms of modulation frequency and performance stability.

    Main Methods:

    • The study employs a phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer (Φ-OTDR) based system.
    • A LiNbO3 straight through waveguide phase modulator is used as the phase generation carrier (PGC) modulation module.
    • The sensitive principle and phase demodulation method of the proposed system are described.

    Main Results:

    • The novel DAS system accurately demodulates weak acoustic signals.
    • Achieved performance metrics include a noise level below 4.2×10⁻³ rad/√Hz and a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) greater than 16 dB.
    • The system demonstrates a spatial resolution of 10 m and a theoretical detection frequency of up to 25 kHz over a 2 km sensing fiber.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed fiber-optic DAS system offers a significant advancement over traditional PZT-based methods.
    • It provides a high-frequency response, low cost, and long-distance detection capability.
    • This technology presents a promising alternative for various DAS applications, potentially replacing PZT modules.