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Advancing of titanium medical implants by surface engineering: recent progress and challenges.

Dusan Losic1,2

  • 1School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Engineering North Building, Adelaide, SA, Australia.

Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery
|May 14, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Surface nanoengineering of titanium (Ti) implants enhances biointegration and antibacterial properties. Advanced surface modifications create next-generation smart implants with multiple functions for improved patient outcomes.

Keywords:
Titanium implantsantibacterial surfacesosseointegrationsurface engineeringtitania nanotubes

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Titanium (Ti) and its alloys are extensively used in orthopedic and dental implants due to their excellent mechanical properties, chemical stability, and biocompatibility.
  • However, challenges such as poor biointegration and bacterial infections limit implant success, leading to significant healthcare costs.
  • Surface nanoengineering and the development of advanced implant generations are crucial for overcoming these limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of recent advancements in surface engineering methods for titanium implants.
  • To critically discuss strategies for creating advanced surface properties and nano-topographies.
  • To highlight the potential for multifunctional implants including drug delivery, therapy, sensing, and health monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on surface engineering techniques for titanium implants.
  • Analysis of various nano-topographical strategies (e.g., tubular, porous, pillars).
  • Discussion of emerging technologies like nanotechnology and additive manufacturing.

Main Results:

  • Surface engineering can significantly improve the biointegration and antibacterial performance of titanium implants.
  • Engineered surfaces can impart multiple functionalities, paving the way for smart medical implants.
  • Promising strategies are emerging from interdisciplinary research in cell biology, materials science, and nanotechnology.

Conclusions:

  • Surface nanoengineering is a key strategy for developing next-generation titanium implants with enhanced performance and multifunctionality.
  • Ongoing research shows promising results, with some applications moving towards in-vivo studies and clinical translation.
  • The integration of advanced manufacturing techniques further supports the development of sophisticated and effective medical implants.