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Updated: Nov 5, 2025

Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody
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Consensus on validation of forensic voice comparison.

Geoffrey Stewart Morrison1, Ewald Enzinger2, Vincent Hughes3

  • 1Forensic Data Science Laboratory & Forensic Speech Science Laboratory, Department of Computer Science & Aston Institute for Forensic Linguistics, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK; Forensic Evaluation Ltd, Birmingham, UK.

Science & Justice : Journal of the Forensic Science Society
|May 14, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Forensic voice comparison validation is advancing, but determining if a system is court-ready remains a challenge. This consensus paper offers guidance for practitioners and legal professionals on evaluating validation results for admissibility in legal proceedings.

Keywords:
AdmissibilityForensic scienceForensic voice comparisonGuidanceLikelihood ratioValidation

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Auditory Forensics
  • Legal Technology

Background:

  • Empirical validation of forensic voice comparison under casework conditions has been called for since the 1960s.
  • The likelihood-ratio framework has become increasingly adopted for forensic voice comparison research and casework since 2000.
  • Significant progress has been made in developing validation procedures, metrics, and publishing validation studies reflecting casework conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the outstanding question of how to determine if a forensic voice comparison system's empirical validation is sufficient for court admissibility.
  • To provide a consensus statement on decision-making criteria for using validated forensic voice comparison systems in legal cases.
  • To offer recommendations for practitioners on conducting evaluations and presenting validation results to the court.

Main Methods:

  • A consensus statement was developed by a diverse group of contributors.
  • Contributors included experts in forensic voice comparison validation (research and casework), legal professionals, and forensic science validation specialists.
  • The process involved synthesizing knowledge and experience regarding validation practices and legal admissibility standards.

Main Results:

  • The paper establishes a framework for deciding when a forensic voice comparison system's validation is adequate for court use.
  • Recommendations are provided for practitioners on evaluating validation outcomes and presenting findings.
  • Guidance is offered on what information should be communicated to the court regarding system validation.

Conclusions:

  • Establishing clear criteria for the admissibility of validated forensic voice comparison systems is crucial for legal practice.
  • The consensus statement aims to standardize the evaluation of validation evidence in forensic voice comparison.
  • The findings are relevant to forensic voice comparison practitioners, legal professionals, and the broader forensic science community interested in validation practices.