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Analysis of risk factors affecting the development of peptic ulcer perforation: case-control study
Sami Akbulut1, Ali Riza Caliskan2, Hasan Saritas3
1Department of Surgery and Liver Transplant Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey.
Insights
Advanced age, smoking, low body mass index (BMI), and low hemoglobin (Hb) are key risk factors for peptic ulcer perforation (PUP). Early diagnosis and management are crucial for patients with these risk factors.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Surgical Gastroenterology
- Clinical Research
Background:
- Peptic ulcer perforation (PUP) is a serious complication of peptic ulcer disease.
- Identifying risk factors is crucial for timely intervention and improved patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the independent risk factors associated with an increased risk of peptic ulcer perforation (PUP).
Main Methods:
- A comparative study involving 65 patients with PUP and 134 controls with dyspeptic complaints.
- Demographic, clinical, and biochemical parameters were analyzed.
- Univariate and backward stepwise logistic regression analyses were employed.
Main Results:
- Multivariate analysis identified increasing age (OR=1.035), smoking (OR=3.591), decreasing hemoglobin (Hb) (OR=1.277), and decreasing body mass index (BMI) (OR=1.669) as independent risk factors for PUP.
- Statistically significant differences were observed in NSAIDs usage, smoking, age, BMI, and Hb between groups.
Conclusions:
- Decreased BMI, decreased Hb, increased age, and smoking are significant independent risk factors for the development of PUP.
- Patients with these risk factors require vigilant monitoring for suggestive symptoms and prompt management of peptic ulcer disease.
Aim:
The aim of the to determine the risk factors associated with increased risk of peptic ulcer perforation (PUP).
Material And Methods:
The demographic, clinic, and biochemical parameters of 65 patients (PUP group) who underwent PUP surgery at our clinic between June 2009 and September 2016 were compared with the data of 134 patients (control group) who underwent endoscopy at a gastroenterology clinic for dyspeptic complaints. The control group were matched at random in a 1 : 2 ratio with the PUP group. Univariate analyses were used to compare different variables and variables with clinical significance, and p ≤ 0.05 was used in the backward stepwise logistic regression model.
Results:
This study included 65 patients with peptic ulcer perforation aged 17 to 92 years (PUP group) and 134 patients with dyspeptic complaints aged 18 to 87 years (control group). Univariate analysis showed that statistically significant differences were found between groups in terms of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs usage (p = 0.042; OR = 1.868), smoking (p < 0.001; OR = 5.124), old age (p = 0.003), low body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.001), and low hemoglobin (Hb) (p = 0.002). However multivariate analysis showed that increasing age (p = 0.004; OR = 1.035), smoking (p = 0.007; OR = 3.591), decreasing Hb (p = 0.042; OR = 1.277), and decreasing BMI (p < 0.001; OR = 1.669) were independent clinically significant risk factors for development of PUP.
Conclusions:
This study showed that decreased BMI, decreased Hb, increased age, and smoking were independent risk factors for development of PUP. Thus, this group of patients needs particular attention paid to suggestive symptoms with early diagnosis and optimal management of peptic ulcer disease.
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