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Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
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Updated: Nov 5, 2025

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Cell-specific epigenetic changes in atherosclerosis.

Abdul Waheed Khan1, Francesco Paneni2, Karin A M Jandeleit-Dahm1,3

  • 1Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.

Clinical Science (London, England : 1979)
|May 14, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Epigenetics plays a crucial role in atherosclerosis, a major cause of heart failure and stroke. Understanding these epigenetic modifications in vascular cells offers potential therapeutic targets for this widespread cardiovascular disease.

Keywords:
Epigeneticsatherosclerosiscardiovascular disease

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Epigenetics
  • Molecular Medicine

Background:

  • Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of global mortality, involving complex cellular and transcriptional changes in arteries.
  • Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has revealed novel cell subpopulations and disease-specific transcriptomic profiles.
  • Epigenetics, the study of heritable gene expression changes without altering DNA sequence, is increasingly recognized in atherosclerosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically review current research on epigenetics in atherosclerosis.
  • To focus on in vivo studies and the role of individual vascular cell types.
  • To highlight the potential of epigenetic modifications as therapeutic targets.

Main Methods:

  • Review of up-to-date scientific literature on epigenetics and atherosclerosis.
  • Focus on in vivo experimental settings.
  • Analysis of the role of specific vascular cell populations.

Main Results:

  • Epigenetic mechanisms are integral to the development and progression of atherosclerosis.
  • Distinct vascular cell types exhibit unique epigenomic signatures relevant to the disease.
  • Epigenetic modifications are dynamic and responsive to environmental factors.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetic regulation is a key determinant of cellular identity and function in atherosclerosis.
  • The plasticity of the epigenome presents opportunities for novel therapeutic interventions.
  • Targeting epigenetic enzymes (writers, erasers, readers) may offer new strategies to combat atherosclerosis and its cardiovascular consequences.