Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

45.7K
Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
45.7K
Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

16.4K
Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
16.4K
Mohr's Circle for Plane Strain01:18

Mohr's Circle for Plane Strain

858
Mohr's circle is a crucial graphical method used to analyze plane strain by plotting strain on a set of cartesian coordinates, where the abscissa is normal strain ∈ and the ordinate is shear strain γ. Similarly to Mohr’s circle for plane stress, two points X and Y are plotted. Their coordinates are (∈x, -γXY) and (∈Y, γXY), respectively.
Mohr's circle visually represents the strain states under various conditions, which is essential for...
858
Three-Dimensional Analysis of Strain01:29

Three-Dimensional Analysis of Strain

389
Three-dimensional strain analysis is crucial for understanding how materials deform under stress, particularly in elastic, homogeneous materials. This method employs principal stress axes to simplify complex stress states into more understandable forms. Subjected to stress, a small cubic element within a material either expands or contracts along these axes, transforming into a rectangular parallelepiped. This transformation effectively illustrates the material's deformation. The principal...
389
Thermal Sigmatropic Reactions: Overview01:16

Thermal Sigmatropic Reactions: Overview

2.2K
Sigmatropic rearrangements are a class of pericyclic reactions in which a σ bond migrates from one part of a π system to another. These are intramolecular rearrangements where the total number of σ and π bonds remain unchanged.
Sigmatropic shifts are classified based on an order term [i, j ], where i and j indicate the number of atoms across which each end of the σ bond migrates. Below are examples of a [3,3] sigmatropic shift in 1,5-hexadiene, referred...
2.2K
Gauss's Law: Planar Symmetry01:27

Gauss's Law: Planar Symmetry

8.8K
A planar symmetry of charge density is obtained when charges are uniformly spread over a large flat surface. In planar symmetry, all points in a plane parallel to the plane of charge are identical with respect to the charges. Suppose the plane of the charge distribution is the xy-plane, and the electric field at a space point P with coordinates (x, y, z) is to be determined. Since the charge density is the same at all (x, y) - coordinates in the z = 0 plane, by symmetry, the electric field at P...
8.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Elastocapillary adhesion of soft gel microspheres.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Morphogenesis and topological evolution of a frustrated nematic liquid crystal under confinement.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Catching the wave: particle transport by a moving phase boundary.

Soft matter·2025
Same author

Competition between Frank elasticity and tilt coupling determines how chiral membranes respond to curvature.

Soft matter·2025
Same author

Time-harmonic waves in Korteweg and nematic-Korteweg fluids.

Physical review. E·2025
Same author

A programmable environment for shape optimization and shapeshifting problems.

Nature computational science·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 5, 2025

Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope
09:06

Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope

Published on: March 24, 2019

8.3K

Structural Landscapes in Geometrically Frustrated Smectics.

Jingmin Xia1, Scott MacLachlan2, Timothy J Atherton3

  • 1Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, United Kingdom.

Physical Review Letters
|May 14, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new free energy model describes smectic liquid crystals, enabling simulations of complex structures like focal conic domains and oily streaks. This approach elucidates their rich energy landscapes under geometric frustration.

More Related Videos

Visualization of Failure and the Associated Grain-Scale Mechanical Behavior of Granular Soils under Shear using Synchrotron X-Ray Micro-Tomography
09:00

Visualization of Failure and the Associated Grain-Scale Mechanical Behavior of Granular Soils under Shear using Synchrotron X-Ray Micro-Tomography

Published on: September 29, 2019

13.6K
Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets
06:26

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets

Published on: May 15, 2017

7.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 5, 2025

Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope
09:06

Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope

Published on: March 24, 2019

8.3K
Visualization of Failure and the Associated Grain-Scale Mechanical Behavior of Granular Soils under Shear using Synchrotron X-Ray Micro-Tomography
09:00

Visualization of Failure and the Associated Grain-Scale Mechanical Behavior of Granular Soils under Shear using Synchrotron X-Ray Micro-Tomography

Published on: September 29, 2019

13.6K
Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets
06:26

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets

Published on: May 15, 2017

7.3K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Soft Matter Physics

Background:

  • Smectic liquid crystals possess orientational order and molecular layering.
  • Understanding their behavior, especially under geometric frustration, is crucial.
  • Existing models may not fully capture emergent phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a phenomenological free energy model for smectic liquid crystals.
  • To enable numerical simulations of their behavior.
  • To elucidate the energy landscapes associated with geometric frustration.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a phenomenological free energy model.
  • Application of the model to scenarios with geometric frustration.
  • Utilizing numerical simulations to analyze emergent structures.

Main Results:

  • The model successfully describes smectic liquid crystal behavior.
  • Emergent structures like focal conic domains and oily streaks were observed.
  • Detailed elucidation of complex energy landscapes was achieved.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed free energy model is advantageous for simulating smectic liquid crystals.
  • It effectively captures phenomena arising from geometric frustration.
  • The model provides insights into the rich energy landscapes of these systems.