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Wenquan Liu1,2,3, Yang Wu1,2,3, Chang-Kui Duan1,2,3

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Researchers experimentally demonstrated encircling an exceptional point in quantum physics using a nitrogen-vacancy center. This work reveals the topological structure of exceptional points and enables exploration of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Non-Hermitian physics
  • Topological physics

Background:

  • Exceptional points (non-Hermitian degeneracy) exhibit unique topological structures.
  • These structures lead to counterintuitive phenomena and novel applications in quantum physics.
  • Dynamically encircling exceptional points induces mode switching, but experimental quantum studies are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally demonstrate encircling an exceptional point in the quantum regime.
  • To investigate the mode switch phenomenon in a real quantum system.
  • To reveal the topological structure of exceptional points and explore non-Hermitian Hamiltonians.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a single nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond.
  • Implemented a dilation method to realize time-dependent non-Hermitian Hamiltonians.
  • Experimentally controlled parameter space to encircle an exceptional point.

Main Results:

  • Successfully demonstrated dynamically encircling an exceptional point using a quantum system.
  • Observed both asymmetric and symmetric mode switch phenomena.
  • Provided experimental evidence for the topological properties of exceptional points.

Conclusions:

  • The study experimentally validates the concept of encircling exceptional points in the quantum regime.
  • Revealed the topological structure of exceptional points through observed mode switches.
  • Opens new avenues for exploring exotic properties of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians in quantum systems.