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Updated: Nov 5, 2025

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities

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Supercontinuum generation in As₂S₃ waveguides fabricated without direct etching.

Joonhyuk Hwang, Dae-Gon Kim, Sangyoon Han

|May 14, 2021

Summary

We demonstrate novel waveguides that spontaneously form for supercontinuum generation (SCG). This new method offers dispersion control for mid-infrared applications using chalcogenide glass.

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Last Updated: Nov 5, 2025

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Area of Science:

Photonics and Optical Engineering
Materials Science

Background:

Supercontinuum generation (SCG) is crucial for various optical applications.
Traditional waveguide fabrication often involves complex etching processes.

Purpose of the Study:

To report a novel, spontaneously formed waveguide for SCG.
To analyze the dispersion control mechanism and establish design rules.
To experimentally demonstrate SCG in a mid-infrared chalcogenide glass waveguide.

Main Methods:

Numerical simulations to analyze dispersion control.
Fabrication of a ${\rm{Si}}{{\rm{O}}_2}$ substructure with a deposited ${\rm{A}}{{\rm{s}}_2}{{\rm{S}}_3}$ core.
Experimental pumping of the waveguide with picosecond pulses at 1560 nm.

Main Results:

A new type of waveguide spontaneously forms during core deposition, eliminating etching.
A design rule for achieving target dispersion profiles by adjusting substructure geometry was derived.
SCG was achieved in a 10 mm ${\rm{A}}{{\rm{s}}_2}{{\rm{S}}_3}$ waveguide, generating a supercontinuum spanning over 1.5 octaves.
Low material absorption in the mid-IR range was utilized.

Conclusions:

Spontaneously formed waveguides offer a simplified fabrication route for SCG.
Dispersion engineering via substructure geometry is a viable strategy for controlling SCG.
The demonstrated ${\rm{A}}{{\rm{s}}_2}{{\rm{S}}_3}$ waveguide is promising for mid-IR supercontinuum generation.