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Marti Yareli Del Monte Vega1, Teresa Shamah Levy2, Ignacio Méndez Gómez-Humarán3
1Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, México. mar_deve@hotmail.com.
Salud Publica De Mexico
|May 14, 2021
Summary
Overweight and obesity (SO+O) increased in Mexican schoolchildren, particularly in boys and urban areas. The National Weight and Height Registry (RNPT) data from 2015-2019 highlights regional disparities, especially in the Southern region.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Endocrinology
- Public Health Nutrition
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Childhood overweight and obesity (SO+O) represent a significant public health challenge in Mexico.
- Understanding sociodemographic associations is crucial for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify changes in SO+O prevalence among Mexican public primary school students between 2015 and 2018.
- To determine the association of SO+O with sociodemographic factors.
Main Methods:
- A comparative cross-sectional study analyzing 6.5 million students (ages 6-12) from 59,724 schools.
- Data sourced from the National Weight and Height Registry (RNPT) across four school periods (2015-2019).
- Prevalence and odds ratios (OR) estimated using generalized ordinal logistic regression.
Main Results:
- Positive odds ratios for SO+O and obesity were observed in males, urban settings, and areas with low marginalization (p<0.001).
- The highest adjusted prevalence for both overweight and obesity occurred in 2016 (p<0.001).
- The Southern region showed consistent and significant increases in obesity prevalence over the four periods.
Conclusions:
- The National Weight and Height Registry (RNPT) effectively identifies current risk factors for SO+O development in primary schools.
- Findings underscore the need for geographically and demographically tailored strategies to combat childhood obesity in Mexico.