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When a current moves through any conductor, the conductor causes some level of difficulty for the current to flow. The measure of that difficulty is known as the resistance of the material and is represented by R. Every material has its own resistance. In the case of conductors, heat is emitted whenever a current passes through them. Resistance depends on the resistivity of the material. Resistivity is a characteristic of the material used to fabricate electrical components, whereas the...
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Dosage-Adjusted Resistance Training in Mice with a Reduced Risk of Muscle Damage
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PTH resistance.

Giovanna Mantovani1, Francesca Marta Elli2

  • 1University of Milan, Dept. Clinical Sciences and Commmunity Health, Via Lamarmora 5, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Endocrinology Unit, Via Lamarmora 5, 20122, Milan, Italy.

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
|May 14, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) regulates calcium and phosphate balance. New research proposes a unified classification for PTH resistance disorders, termed inactivating PTH/PTHrP signaling disorders (iPPSD), based on molecular defects.

Keywords:
Albright's hereditary osteodystrophyDifferential diagnosisHormone resistanceInactivating PTH/PTHrP signaling disordersParathyroid hormonePseudohypoparathyroidism

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is crucial for calcium and phosphate homeostasis, primarily regulated by extracellular calcium levels.
  • Dysregulation of PTH leads to conditions like hypoparathyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, and pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP).
  • Historically, PHP was subtyped based on PTH resistance and associated clinical features such as Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy and ectopic ossification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a new nomenclature and classification for disorders related to PTH signaling.
  • To encompass all disorders arising from defects in the PTH/PTHrP signaling pathway.
  • To provide a unified framework for understanding these clinically related conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current knowledge on the PTH/PTHrP signaling pathway.
  • Analysis of molecular defects affecting components of this pathway.
  • Correlation of molecular defects with clinical phenotypes.

Main Results:

  • Growing understanding of the PTH/PTHrP pathway reveals molecular defects cause distinct yet related disorders.
  • These disorders share common underlying mechanisms within the signaling pathway.
  • A new classification, inactivating PTH/PTHrP signaling disorders (iPPSD), is proposed.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed iPPSD classification integrates previously distinct subtypes of PTH resistance.
  • This unified approach reflects the molecular basis of these disorders.
  • It facilitates a more comprehensive understanding and management of conditions affecting PTH signaling.