Recent advances in micro- and nanomaterial-based adsorbents for pipette-tip solid-phase extraction.

Area of Science:

• Analytical Chemistry
• Materials Science

Background:

• Sample pretreatment is crucial in chemical analysis.
• Existing reviews lack comprehensive coverage of pipette-tip solid-phase extraction (PT-SPE).
• PT-SPE offers advantages like speed and reduced solvent use.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive review of micro- and nanosorbent-based PT-SPE.
• To discuss the preparation, properties, and applications of various PT-SPE adsorbents.
• To explore the future trends in PT-SPE technology.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of 133 references on PT-SPE.
• Categorization of adsorbents including silica, carbon, polymers, MIPs, and MOFs.
• Analysis of preparation methods, advantages, limitations, and applications.

Main Results:

• Detailed overview of diverse PT-SPE adsorbent materials.
• Discussion on the application of PT-SPE in environmental, biological, and food sample analysis.
• Emphasis on the benefits of PT-SPE: convenience, speed, low cost, and minimal organic solvent consumption.

Conclusions:

• PT-SPE is a versatile and advantageous sample pretreatment technique.
• Continued development in adsorbent materials will enhance PT-SPE capabilities.
• PT-SPE is poised for broader application across various analytical fields.