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Electric fields regulate cellular elasticity through intracellular Ca2+ concentrations.

Se Jik Han1,2, Minjoo Noh3, Jihui Jang3

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.

Journal of Cellular Physiology
|May 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Electrical fields (EFs) can alter human dermal fibroblast elasticity by affecting actin polymerization. This study reveals how EFs induce changes in intracellular calcium, leading to gelsolin activation and modified F-actin content, thus regulating cellular mechanical properties.

Keywords:
F-actincellular elasticityelectrical stimulationgelsolinintracellular Ca2+

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Cell Biology
  • Biomaterials

Background:

  • Cellular elasticity is crucial for physiological and pathological processes.
  • Cell elasticity serves as a potential biomarker for cellular state.
  • External stimuli, including electric fields (EFs), can modify cellular elasticity, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of electric fields (EFs) on human dermal fibroblast elasticity.
  • To elucidate the mechanism by which EFs alter cellular elasticity, focusing on actin polymerization.

Main Methods:

  • Human dermal fibroblasts were subjected to electric field (EF) stimulation (50 mV/mm).
  • Cellular elasticity was measured over time (0–120 min).
  • Intracellular calcium levels, gelsolin activation, and F-actin content were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • EF stimulation significantly increased cellular elasticity compared to controls.
  • Elasticity peaked at 30 minutes and then decreased, but remained elevated.
  • EFs induced changes in intracellular Ca2+, leading to gelsolin activation and altered F-actin content.

Conclusions:

  • Electric fields modulate human dermal fibroblast elasticity through a mechanism involving actin polymerization.
  • EF-induced changes in intracellular calcium are key to activating gelsolin and altering F-actin dynamics.
  • This study demonstrates a novel pathway through which external electrical stimulation regulates cellular mechanical properties.