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Injectable opioid agonist treatment: An evolutionary concept analysis
Marlene Haines1, Patrick O'Byrne1
1Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Research in Nursing & Health
|May 16, 2021
Summary
Injectable opioid agonist treatment (iOAT) offers a vital, yet under-studied, approach to Canada's overdose crisis. Further research, especially from people who use opioids (PWUO), is crucial for effective implementation.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Addiction Medicine
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Canada faces a severe overdose crisis, necessitating innovative treatment strategies.
- Injectable opioid agonist treatment (iOAT), involving diacetylmorphine or hydromorphone, is a potential but under-utilized intervention for severe opioid use disorder.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the concept of injectable opioid agonist treatment (iOAT) using an evolutionary concept analysis framework.
- To identify key themes and barriers associated with iOAT implementation and research.
Main Methods:
- An evolutionary concept analysis was performed on existing literature concerning iOAT.
- Attributes, antecedents, consequences, and surrogate terms of iOAT were systematically explored.
- Four major themes emerged: health, illicit drug use, criminal behavior, and ethical considerations.
Main Results:
- The analysis revealed critical themes impacting iOAT, including physical and mental health, ongoing illicit drug use, criminal activity, and ethical dilemmas.
- Current understanding and execution of iOAT are limited, indicating a need for deeper investigation.
Conclusions:
- Further research is essential, prioritizing the perspectives of people who use opioids (PWUO).
- Nursing advocacy and adaptation to the evolving illicit drug supply are recommended for successful iOAT programs.
- Integrating theoretical analysis with direct input from PWUO is vital for advancing iOAT.
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