Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 5, 2025
09:02
A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion
Published on: February 2, 2021
4.6K
[Contrast-induced acute kidney injury]
Évangeline Pillebout1, Frank Martinez2
1Service de néphrologie-transplantation, hôpital Saint-Louis, 1, avenue Claude-Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France.
Nephrologie & Therapeutique
|May 17, 2021
Summary
Iodinated contrast media can cause acute kidney injury within 72 hours. Identifying patients with risk factors, like reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), is crucial for implementing preventive measures such as hydration.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Radiology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Iodinated contrast media are frequently used in medical imaging.
- A significant risk associated with these agents is contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN).
- CIN is defined as acute kidney injury developing within 48-72 hours post-administration, excluding other causes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To define contrast-induced nephrotoxicity.
- To highlight the importance of identifying risk factors before contrast media administration.
- To outline preventive strategies based on patient risk stratification.
Main Methods:
- Systematic identification of risk factors for contrast agent renal injury.
- Assessment of renal function using estimated creatinine clearance (eGFR).
- Implementation of preventive measures, including hydration, for at-risk patients.
Main Results:
- Patients with an eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m² require preventive measures.
- Hydration is a key preventive strategy.
- An eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m² necessitates nephrology consultation.
Conclusions:
- Proactive identification and management of risk factors are essential to prevent contrast-induced nephrotoxicity.
- Personalized preventive strategies, including hydration and specialist consultation, improve patient outcomes.
- Careful patient selection and risk assessment are paramount when using iodinated contrast agents.
Related Concept Videos
01:22Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction
229
Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
229
01:30Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention
110
Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
110
01:29Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology
465
Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
465
01:20Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care
100
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...
100
01:29Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations
375
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
375
01:22Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management
160
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) results in an inability to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance. Effective nursing management is critical in improving patient outcomes and includes comprehensive patient assessment and targeted interventions.Comprehensive Patient AssessmentA detailed history collection is essential, focusing on any recent infections, nephrotoxic medication use, or chronic conditions such as hypertension and diabetes that may contribute to AKI. During the physical...
160