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Related Concept Videos

Anatomical Positions01:11

Anatomical Positions

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In anatomy, several standard anatomical positions are used as references for describing the position and orientation of different body parts. These positions help provide a common frame of reference when discussing anatomical structures. The anatomical position is the standard reference point for describing the body's position and orientation. In this position:
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Breathing, otherwise known as pulmonary ventilation, is the process of air movement into and out of the lungs. The main mechanisms propelling pulmonary ventilation are atmospheric pressure (Patm), intra-pulmonary (Ppul ) or intra-alveolar pressure (Palv) within the alveoli, and intrapleural pressure (Pip) within the pleural cavity.
Breathing Mechanisms
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 5, 2025

Development of a Benchtop Model for Evaluating the Compatibility of Wound Dressing Materials with Negative Pressure Wound Therapy Systems
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Comparison of interface pressures on three operating table support surfaces during surgery.

Arzu Aslan Basli1, Meryem Yavuz Van Giersbergen2

  • 1Department of Surgical Nursing, Manisa Celal Bayar University Faculty of Health Science, Manisa, Turkey.

Journal of Tissue Viability
|May 17, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Viscoelastic foam support surfaces significantly reduce interface pressure in the supine position during surgery compared to gel or standard tables. This makes them ideal for preventing pressure injuries in at-risk patients.

Keywords:
Operating roomOperating room nursingPeriopertive nursingPressure ulcerSupport surface

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Area of Science:

  • Surgical patient care
  • Biomedical engineering
  • Clinical research

Background:

  • Surgical positioning can lead to pressure injuries.
  • Interface pressure is a key factor in pressure injury development.
  • Effective support surfaces are crucial for patient safety during surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of different support surfaces on interface pressure during surgery.
  • To compare gel, viscoelastic foam, and standard operating table surfaces.
  • To assess pressure distribution in supine and prone positions.

Main Methods:

  • Randomized controlled experimental study.
  • 72 patients undergoing surgery in supine and prone positions.
  • Interface pressure measured on gel, viscoelastic foam, and standard operating table surfaces.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in interface pressure between surfaces in the prone position.
  • Viscoelastic foam significantly reduced interface pressure in the supine position compared to gel and standard surfaces.
  • Average interface pressure was lowest on the viscoelastic foam surface in the supine position.

Conclusions:

  • Viscoelastic foam support surfaces are more effective in reducing interface pressure than gel or standard operating tables in the supine position.
  • Viscoelastic foam is recommended for surgical patients at risk of pressure injury.
  • Support surface selection is critical for preventing intraoperative pressure injuries.