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Three-Dimensional Evaluation of Soft Tissue Changes after Functional Therapy.

Ersin Yıldırım1, Şeniz Karaçay1, Dilek Tekin1

  • 1University of Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Istanbul, Turkey.

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|May 17, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Twin Block (TB) therapy effectively improves the soft tissue profile, particularly in the lower face, by repositioning the mandible. This study introduces a 3D cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) method to evaluate these soft tissue changes quantitatively and qualitatively.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics
  • 3D Imaging in Dentistry
  • Functional Appliance Therapy

Background:

  • Class II malocclusion with mandibular retrognathia often requires functional appliance therapy.
  • Evaluating soft tissue changes with traditional methods can be limited.
  • Twin Block (TB) appliance is a common choice for mandibular advancement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and validate a 3D evaluation method for soft tissue changes using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) after Twin Block (TB) therapy.
  • To quantitatively and qualitatively assess the soft tissue effects of TB therapy in Class II patients with mandibular retrognathia.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 60 pre- and post-treatment CBCT scans from Class II patients treated with TB appliance.
  • 3D volumetric and linear measurements of soft tissue changes, alongside color mapping for qualitative assessment.
  • Measurement of skeletal changes (SNA, SNB, ANB) and linear soft tissue changes (NV-A, NV-Pog).

Main Results:

  • Significant anterior repositioning of the lower lip, soft tissue pogonion, and soft tissue gnathion observed post-TB therapy (p < 0.01, p < 0.01, p < 0.05).
  • Statistically significant skeletal changes included decreased SNA and ANB, and increased SNB (p < 0.05, p < 0.01, p < 0.01).
  • Upper lip and subnasale changes were not statistically significant (p > 0.05).

Conclusions:

  • CBCT enables reliable 3D quantitative and qualitative evaluation of soft tissue changes following TB therapy.
  • TB functional therapy leads to significant improvements in the soft tissue profile, especially in the lower facial region.
  • The proposed 3D method provides valuable insights into the aesthetic outcomes of orthodontic treatment.