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Cryptococcosis complicating diabetes mellitus: a scoping review
Lauryn Nsenga1, Jonathan Kajjimu2, Ronald Olum3
1School of Medicine, Kabale University, Kabale, Uganda.
Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease
|May 17, 2021
Summary
Cryptococcal infections in people with diabetes mellitus present a wide range of severity and high mortality. Further research is needed to better understand and manage this serious fungal infection in diabetic patients.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Endocrinology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Diabetes mellitus (DM) impairs immune function, increasing susceptibility to infections like Cryptococcus neoformans.
- Epidemiology and clinical outcomes of cryptococcosis in HIV-negative individuals with DM are not well-defined.
- Understanding cryptococcal infection in DM is crucial for global health research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the clinical characteristics of cryptococcal infections in individuals with DM.
- To investigate the outcomes of cryptococcosis in patients living with diabetes mellitus.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library (1980-2020).
- Inclusion of single case reports, case series, and original articles on confirmed cryptococcosis in DM patients.
- Searched reference lists of included studies, with no language restrictions.
Main Results:
- 28 studies involving 47 patients with DM were analyzed.
- Cryptococcal meningitis was the most common presentation (68.1%), followed by disseminated disease.
- All-cause mortality was high at 38.3%, with 36.2% mortality in meningitis cases.
Conclusions:
- Cryptococcal infections in DM patients exhibit diverse clinical presentations and severity.
- The high mortality rate associated with cryptococcosis in DM requires urgent attention.
- Further research is essential to improve characterization and management of cryptococcal disease in diabetic populations.
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