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Related Concept Videos

The Carbon Cycle01:14

The Carbon Cycle

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Carbon is the basis of all organic matter on Earth, and is recycled through the ecosystem in two primary processes: one in which carbon is exchanged among living organisms, and one in which carbon is cycled over long periods of time through fossilized organic remains, weathering of rocks, and volcanic activity. Human activities, including increased agricultural practices and the burning of fossil fuels, has greatly affected the balance of the natural carbon cycle.
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The Soil Ecosystem02:23

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Plants obtain inorganic minerals and water from the soil, which acts as a natural medium for land plants. The composition and quality of soil depend not only on the chemical constituents but also on the presence of living organisms. In general, soils contain three major components:
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Carbon-dioxide Fixation01:28

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Carbon dioxide fixation in prokaryotes enables the assimilation of inorganic carbon into organic molecules, supporting biosynthetic pathways, sustaining ecosystems, and contributing to the global carbon cycle. It also has industrial applications in carbon capture and bioproduct synthesis. Autotrophic organisms rely on this process to utilize CO₂ as a carbon source in diverse environments.The Calvin CycleThe Calvin cycle is the most widespread carbon fixation mechanism, primarily used by...
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Bioremediation00:46

Bioremediation

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Bioremediation is the use of prokaryotes, fungi, or plants to remove pollutants from the environment. This process has been used to remove harmful toxins in groundwater as a byproduct of agricultural run-off and also to clean up oil spills.
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C4 Pathway and CAM01:27

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Most plants use the C3 pathway for carbon fixation. However, some plants, such as sugar cane, corn, and cacti that grow in hot conditions, use alternative pathways to fix carbon and conserve energy loss due to photorespiration. Photorespiration is the process that occurs when the oxygen concentration is high. Under such conditions, the rubisco enzyme in the Calvin cycle binds O2 instead of CO2, which halts photosynthesis and consumes energy.
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The Calvin Benson Cycle01:46

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Ribulose 1,5- bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCo) is a critical enzyme that catalyzes carbon dioxide assimilation during photosynthesis. However, it is an inefficient enzyme, having an extremely slow catalytic rate. A typical enzyme can process about a thousand molecules per second; however, RuBisCo fixes only around three-carbon dioxides per second. Photosynthetic cells compensate for this slow rate by synthesizing very high amounts of RuBisCo, making it the most abundant single...
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Utilizing Soil Density Fractionation to Separate Distinct Soil Carbon Pools
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Utilizing Soil Density Fractionation to Separate Distinct Soil Carbon Pools

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Capturing a soil carbon economy.

Sam G Keenor1, Aline F Rodrigues2,3, Li Mao1

  • 1School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK.

Royal Society Open Science
|May 17, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Financial incentives for soil carbon sequestration are crucial for achieving Net Zero goals. Developing a soil carbon economy offers environmental and economic benefits, accelerating climate mitigation and improving soil health.

Keywords:
carbon sequestrationpaymentre-carbonizationsoil carbonsoil carbon economicssoil ecosystem services

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Measuring and Mapping Patterns of Soil Erosion and Deposition Related to Soil Carbonate Concentrations Under Agricultural Management
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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Climate Science
  • Agricultural Economics

Background:

  • Current greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction strategies, primarily economic disincentives like carbon pricing, are insufficient for Net Zero targets.
  • A shift towards financial incentives for carbon sequestration is necessary to complement existing emission reduction policies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present the environmental and economic co-benefits of soil re-carbonization.
  • To advocate for financial remuneration and support for soil carbon sequestration activities.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current carbon market trends and economic disincentive mechanisms.
  • Analysis of the potential benefits of integrating soil carbon sequestration into the global carbon market.

Main Results:

  • Soil re-carbonization offers significant environmental and economic co-benefits.
  • A soil-based carbon economy can accelerate climate change mitigation and enhance soil health and ecosystem services.

Conclusions:

  • Financial incentives for soil carbon sequestration are essential for achieving Net Zero emissions.
  • Establishing a global soil carbon economy requires consensus on certification for long-term storage and robust trading infrastructure.