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Related Concept Videos

Muscles that Move the Arm01:31

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Nine muscles are involved in arm movements. Two of these, the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi, originate from the axial skeleton and are called axial muscles. The other seven originate from the scapula and are called the scapular muscles.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 5, 2025

Arthroscopic Management of Massive Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears: Whole Rotator Cable Reconstruction Using Proximal Biceps Tendon Autograft
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Rotator cuff assessment on imaging.

Michelle Wei Xin Ooi1, Leah Fenning1, Varun Dhir1

  • 1Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Hall Ln, Appley Bridge, Wigan, WN6 9EP, United Kingdom.

Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma
|May 17, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review covers common rotator cuff pathologies and their diagnosis using radiography, ultrasonography, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It details the pros and cons of each imaging technique for assessing rotator cuff disease.

Keywords:
ImagingMRIRotator cuff tendonsShoulder painUltrasound

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Radiology
  • Sports Medicine

Background:

  • The rotator cuff, comprising four muscles, stabilizes the shoulder joint.
  • Rotator cuff pathologies like impingement and tendon tears are frequent causes of shoulder pain.
  • Accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment of shoulder conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review common imaging modalities for rotator cuff assessment.
  • To compare the advantages and disadvantages of radiography, ultrasonography, and MRI.
  • To illustrate typical imaging findings of rotator cuff diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on rotator cuff imaging.
  • Focus on radiography, ultrasonography, and magnetic resonance imaging.
  • Analysis of diagnostic accuracy and limitations of each modality.

Main Results:

  • Radiography is useful for initial assessment and detecting calcifications.
  • Ultrasonography offers dynamic assessment and is cost-effective for tendon tears.
  • MRI provides detailed anatomical visualization and is superior for complex pathologies.

Conclusions:

  • Each imaging modality has distinct strengths and weaknesses for rotator cuff evaluation.
  • The choice of imaging depends on the suspected pathology and clinical context.
  • Integrated use of these techniques aids in comprehensive rotator cuff disease diagnosis.