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Spontaneous coronary artery dissection

E Méndez-Eirín1, Y Suárez-Ouréns1, J Á Rodríguez-Fernández1

  • 1Servicio de Cardiología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), La Coruña, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.

Revista Clinica Espanola
|May 17, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is an underdiagnosed cause of heart attack, especially in young women. This review covers SCAD

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Pathophysiology
  • Clinical Cardiology

Background:

  • Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is an underdiagnosed condition.
  • SCAD is a significant cause of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and sudden cardiac death.
  • It disproportionately affects young women and individuals lacking traditional atherosclerotic risk factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of SCAD.
  • To elucidate the pathophysiology and etiology of SCAD.
  • To outline clinical characteristics, diagnostic approaches, and treatment strategies for SCAD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on pathophysiology, etiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of SCAD.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on SCAD from existing research and clinical guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Detailed exploration of the underlying mechanisms contributing to SCAD.
  • Identification of key clinical features aiding in SCAD diagnosis.
  • Summary of recommended diagnostic tests and evidence-based treatment options for SCAD.

Conclusions:

  • SCAD requires increased recognition due to its underdiagnosis.
  • Understanding SCAD's unique pathophysiology is crucial for effective management.
  • A multi-faceted approach involving accurate diagnosis and tailored treatment is essential for patients with SCAD.

Keywords:
Acute coronary syndromeDisección coronaria espontáneaDisplasia fibromuscularFibromuscular dysplasiaSpontaneous coronary dissectionSíndrome coronario agudo

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