Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Catalysis

Catalysis

The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...

Reduction of Benzene to Cyclohexane: Catalytic Hydrogenation

Reduction of Benzene to Cyclohexane: Catalytic Hydrogenation

Unlike the easy catalytic hydrogenation of an alkene double bond, hydrogenation of a benzene double bond under similar reaction conditions does not take place easily. For example, in the reduction of stilbene, the benzene ring remains unaffected while the alkene bond gets reduced. Hydrogenation of an alkene double bond is exothermic and a favorable process. In contrast, to hydrogenate the first unsaturated bond of benzene, an energy input is needed; that is, the process is endothermic. This is...

Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

Introduction
Like alkenes, alkynes can be reduced to alkanes in the presence of transition metal catalysts such as Pt, Pd, or Ni. The reaction involves two sequential syn additions of hydrogen via a cis-alkene intermediate.

Radical Substitution: Hydrogenolysis of Alkyl Halides with Tributyltin Hydride

Radical Substitution: Hydrogenolysis of Alkyl Halides with Tributyltin Hydride

Radical substitution reactions can be used to remove functional groups from molecules. The hydrogenolysis of alkyl halides is one such reaction, where the weak Sn–H bond in tributyltin hydride reacts with alkyl halides to form alkanes. Here, the reagent Bu3SnH yields tributyltin halide as a byproduct.
The bonds formed in this reaction are stronger than the bonds broken, making it energetically favorable. The reaction follows a radical chain mechanism similar to radical halogenation reactions,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Breaking the activity-selectivity trade-off in Fenton-like catalysis by d-orbital modulation of single-atom sites within a nano-island-like structure.

Nature communications·2026

Same author

Associations Between Comorbidities, Developmental Status, and Disease Severity in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study in China.

Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research·2026

Same author

Efficacy of HMB supplementation as an adjunct to resistance training in older adults: a comprehensive meta-analysis.

Age and ageing·2026

Same author

A logic-gated trispecific engager enhances macrophage killing of cancer cells in solid tumors.

Nature biotechnology·2026

Same author

In vivo CAR-Tfh cell reprogramming restores tolerance in a mouse model of autoimmune hepatitis.

Cell stem cell·2026

Same author

Characterization of the Immunotoxic Effects and Underlying Mechanism of Butylated Hydroxytoluene and Its Metabolites to Early Life Stage Fish.

Environmental science & technology·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 5, 2025

Synthesis and Testing of Supported Pt-Cu Solid Solution Nanoparticle Catalysts for Propane Dehydrogenation

Synthesis and Testing of Supported Pt-Cu Solid Solution Nanoparticle Catalysts for Propane Dehydrogenation

Published on: July 18, 2017

CuS co-catalyst modified hydrogenated SrTiO₃ nanoparticles as an efficient photocatalyst for H₂ evolution.

Diwen Zhou¹, Ganyu Wang¹, Yuan Feng¹

¹Key Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200444, PR China. wenqianchen@shu.edu.cn tang1liang@shu.edu.cn and School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China.

Dalton Transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)

|May 17, 2021

Summary

Hydrogenated strontium titanate (SrTiO3) with a copper sulfide (CuS) co-catalyst significantly boosts hydrogen production. This optimized photocatalyst overcomes charge carrier recombination for enhanced solar fuel applications.

More Related Videos

Developing Photosensitizer-Cobaloxime Hybrids for Solar-Driven H2 Production in Aqueous Aerobic Conditions

Developing Photosensitizer-Cobaloxime Hybrids for Solar-Driven H2 Production in Aqueous Aerobic Conditions

Published on: October 5, 2019

Photochemical Oxidative Growth of Iridium Oxide Nanoparticles on CdSe@CdS Nanorods

Photochemical Oxidative Growth of Iridium Oxide Nanoparticles on CdSe@CdS Nanorods

Published on: February 11, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 5, 2025

Synthesis and Testing of Supported Pt-Cu Solid Solution Nanoparticle Catalysts for Propane Dehydrogenation

Synthesis and Testing of Supported Pt-Cu Solid Solution Nanoparticle Catalysts for Propane Dehydrogenation

Published on: July 18, 2017

Developing Photosensitizer-Cobaloxime Hybrids for Solar-Driven H2 Production in Aqueous Aerobic Conditions

Developing Photosensitizer-Cobaloxime Hybrids for Solar-Driven H2 Production in Aqueous Aerobic Conditions

Published on: October 5, 2019

Photochemical Oxidative Growth of Iridium Oxide Nanoparticles on CdSe@CdS Nanorods

Photochemical Oxidative Growth of Iridium Oxide Nanoparticles on CdSe@CdS Nanorods

Published on: February 11, 2016

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Photocatalysis
Renewable Energy

Background:

Strontium titanate (SrTiO3) shows potential as a photocatalyst.
Rapid recombination of photo-generated charge carriers hinders SrTiO3 applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To enhance the photocatalytic activity of SrTiO3.
To investigate the effect of hydrogenation and CuS co-catalyst on H2 evolution.

Main Methods:

Hydrogenation of SrTiO3 using sodium borohydride (NaBH4).
Preparation of CuS/SrTiO3 composite photocatalyst.
Measurement of H2-evolution rates under photocatalytic conditions.

Main Results:

Optimized hydrogenated SrTiO3 with CuS achieved a H2-evolution rate of 409.5 μmol g-1 h-1.
This rate is significantly higher than pure SrTiO3, hydrogenated SrTiO3, and CuS/SrTiO3.
Enhanced activity is attributed to synergistic effects and reduced charge carrier recombination.

Conclusions:

Hydrogenation and CuS co-catalyst effectively improve SrTiO3 photocatalytic performance.
Oxygen vacancies created by hydrogenation play a crucial role.
This work provides insights for designing efficient SrTiO3-based photocatalysts for hydrogen production.