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Updated: Nov 5, 2025

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Vasodilators for primary Raynaud's phenomenon.

Kevin Yc Su1, Meghna Sharma1,2, Hyunjun Jonathan Kim1

  • 1Department of Rheumatology, Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, Australia.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|May 17, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review found limited evidence for alternative vasodilators in treating primary Raynaud's phenomenon. Some agents may offer slight benefits, but overall evidence is insufficient, and some vasodilators might worsen the condition.

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular Medicine
  • Pharmacology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Primary Raynaud's phenomenon (PRP) treatment options beyond calcium channel blockers have limited evidence.
  • This review is an update of a 2008 analysis on alternative pharmacological treatments for PRP.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the efficacy of vasodilating drugs for primary Raynaud's phenomenon.
  • Evaluated effects on attack frequency, severity, duration, quality of life, and adverse events.

Main Methods:

  • Included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of oral, intravenous, and topical vasodilators for PRP.
  • Excluded studies on calcium channel blockers and comparisons involving them.
  • Searched major databases up to November 2020; assessed evidence certainty using GRADE.

Main Results:

  • Fifteen RCTs (635 participants) were included, comparing various vasodilators to placebo.
  • Evidence for ACE inhibitors, prostaglandin analogues, thromboxane synthase inhibitors, and phosphodiesterase inhibitors was of low to very low certainty.
  • Alpha blockers (buflomedil) showed moderate certainty evidence for reducing attack frequency and severity; moxisylyte also suggested benefits but with unclear clinical relevance and more adverse events.

Conclusions:

  • Evidence for alternative vasodilators in primary Raynaud's phenomenon is limited and of low to moderate certainty.
  • The current evidence is insufficient to support the use of these vasodilators.
  • Some vasodilators may potentially exacerbate the condition.