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Reactive air surfaces for preventing pressure ulcers.

Chunhu Shi1, Jo C Dumville1, Nicky Cullum1

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Reactive air surfaces may reduce the risk of developing new pressure ulcers compared to foam surfaces. Evidence is uncertain for other support surfaces, but reactive air surfaces may be beneficial in nursing homes within 14 days.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical research
  • Clinical trials
  • Wound care

Background:

  • Pressure ulcers, also known as bed sores, are skin injuries caused by unrelieved pressure.
  • Reactive air surfaces (beds, mattresses, overlays) are used to prevent pressure ulcers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the effectiveness of reactive air surfaces in preventing pressure ulcers compared to other support surfaces.

Main Methods:

  • Included 17 randomized controlled trials (2604 participants) comparing reactive air surfaces with alternating pressure air, foam, water, or gel surfaces.
  • Assessed pressure ulcer incidence, patient comfort, and adverse events.
  • Evaluated risk of bias and certainty of evidence.

Main Results:

  • Reactive air surfaces may reduce new pressure ulcer incidence compared to foam surfaces (low-certainty evidence).
  • Evidence is uncertain when comparing reactive air surfaces to alternating pressure air, water, or gel surfaces.
  • Low-certainty evidence suggests reactive air surfaces may reduce pressure ulcer risk within 14 days in nursing homes compared to alternating pressure air surfaces.

Conclusions:

  • Reactive air surfaces may be more effective than foam surfaces for preventing pressure ulcers.
  • Further research is needed, focusing on cost-effectiveness and minimizing bias.
  • Network meta-analysis could provide further insights.