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Related Concept Videos

Solubility Equilibria: Overview01:09

Solubility Equilibria: Overview

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When a substance such as sodium chloride is added to water, it dissolves, forming an aqueous solution. The extent of dissolution is called solubility. The process of dissolution can exist in equilibrium, just like other chemical processes. Solubility equilibria are also called precipitation equilibria because the process of solubility can be reversible. The reverse of the solubility process is called precipitation.
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Fluorescence and phosphorescence are essential phenomena in fields like analytical chemistry, biological imaging, and materials science, where they detect molecular properties and visualize cellular structures. Understanding the variables that influence these luminescent behaviors is crucial for maximizing accuracy and efficiency in their applications. These variables can broadly be grouped into chemical structure, solvent properties, and external conditions, each playing a distinct role in...
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Updated: Nov 5, 2025

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Fluorine Dissolution-Induced Capacity Degradation for Fluorophosphate-Based Cathode Materials.

Long Li1, Na Zhang2, Yaqiong Su1

  • 1School of Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|May 17, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Poor cycling performance in sodium-ion batteries using Na3V2(PO4)2F3 cathodes is due to HF corrosion. This corrosion stems from fluoride anion dissolution, offering new insights for material improvement.

Keywords:
HF corrosioncapacity degradationfluorine dissolutionfluorophosphate-based cathode materialssodium-ion batteries

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are a promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries.
  • Na3V2(PO4)2F3 is a cathode material with high operating voltage and structural stability for SIBs.
  • Poor cycling performance and unclear degradation mechanisms hinder the practical application of Na3V2(PO4)2F3.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the capacity degradation mechanism of Na3V2(PO4)2F3 in SIBs.
  • To analyze the evolution of morphology, crystal structure, and bonding states during cycling.
  • To propose a novel degradation mechanism for fluorophosphate-based cathode materials.

Main Methods:

  • Electrochemical cycling of Na3V2(PO4)2F3 cathode material.
  • Post-mortem analysis of cycled electrodes.
  • Characterization techniques including morphology, crystal structure, and bonding state analysis.

Main Results:

  • Capacity degradation is linked to active material shedding from the current collector.
  • Hydrofluoric acid (HF) corrosion is identified as the cause of material shedding.
  • HF is generated by fluoride anion (F-) dissolution from Na3V2(PO4)2F3, induced by trace water (H2O).

Conclusions:

  • A novel F- dissolution-induced degradation mechanism for fluorophosphate cathode materials is proposed.
  • This mechanism provides new insights for understanding and improving fluorophosphate-based cathode materials.
  • Addressing F- dissolution is crucial for enhancing the cycling performance of Na3V2(PO4)2F3 in sodium-ion batteries.