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The Year in Review: Anesthesia for Congenital Heart Disease 2020

Leah M Landsem1,2, Faith J Ross1,2, Denise C Joffe1,2

  • 1Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA.

Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia
|May 17, 2021
PubMed

Insights

This review summarizes 2020 literature for anesthesiologists managing congenital heart disease patients. Key topics include COVID-19 impacts, racial disparities, and outcomes of the Norwood and Fontan procedures.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Anesthesiology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Congenital heart disease (CHD) requires specialized anesthetic care.
  • Advances in CHD management necessitate updated clinical knowledge.
  • The year 2020 presented unique challenges and research areas.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review significant literature from 2020 relevant to CHD care.
  • To highlight key findings in pediatric and adult CHD anesthesiology.
  • To synthesize current knowledge on critical CHD topics.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of peer-reviewed articles published in 2020.
  • Focused search on topics relevant to anesthesiologists.
  • Thematic analysis of 59 selected articles.

Main Results:

  • COVID-19 significantly impacted children with heart disease.
  • Racial disparities in CHD outcomes were identified.
  • Outcomes data for the Norwood and Fontan procedures were analyzed.
  • Neurotoxicity and neurologic outcomes in CHD patients were examined.

Conclusions:

  • Anesthesiologists must stay informed on COVID-19 and CHD.
  • Addressing racial disparities is crucial for equitable CHD care.
  • Continued research on surgical outcomes and neurodevelopment is essential.

Keywords:
brain injurycardiac anesthesiacardiac surgerycardiopulmonary bypasscerebral oximetrycongenital heart diseaseethicsneonatal intensive careneurodevelopmental outcomepediatric intensive care

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