Can individualized-targeted computerized cognitive training improve everyday functioning in adults with...

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Psychology
• Public Health

Background:

• Half of individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) experience HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND).
• Cognitive training offers a potential avenue to improve cognitive function and daily life activities in those with HAND.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the efficacy of targeted cognitive training in reversing HAND.
• To assess whether cognitive training in specific domains improves subjective and objective everyday functioning.

Main Methods:

• A randomized controlled trial involving 109 adults with HAND.
• Participants were assigned to either a control group or an individualized-targeted cognitive training group.
• Training focused on two cognitive domains per participant over 12 weeks, totaling 20 hours.

Main Results:

• Speed of processing training demonstrated significant benefits in everyday functioning, evidenced by improved medication adherence and performance on the Timed Instrumental Activities of Daily Living test.
• Other cognitive training protocols yielded inconsistent results regarding improvements in everyday functioning.
• Further research is needed to explore factors influencing the efficacy of different training protocols.

Conclusions:

• Targeted cognitive training, particularly speed of processing, can positively impact everyday functioning in individuals with HAND.
• The effectiveness of cognitive training interventions for HAND varies depending on the specific protocol used.
• Individualized cognitive training approaches show promise but require further investigation to optimize outcomes.