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Cannabis Use and Stroke: Does a Risk Exist?

Carol Swetlik1, Ibrahim Migdady, Leen Z Hasan

  • 1Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH (CS, IM, ABB), Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Hartford, CT (LZH), Welch Medical Library, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (CP), Division of Neuroscience Critical Care, Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, Anesthesiology, and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (MC).

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cannabis use is linked to a higher risk of stroke, particularly ischemic stroke. This systematic review found increased stroke prevalence and specific subtypes in cannabis users, though more data is needed on exposure details.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Cannabis use is increasingly prevalent globally.
  • Previous studies suggest a potential association between cannabis use and stroke risk.
  • Understanding the impact of cannabis on cerebrovascular health is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the prevalence and outcomes of stroke in individuals who use cannabis.
  • To compare stroke incidence and characteristics between cannabis users and non-users.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted across multiple databases up to January 2020.
  • Studies were selected based on the relationship between cannabis use and stroke.
  • Data extraction and quality assessment followed PRISMA and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Seventeen studies involving over 3 million individuals were analyzed.
  • Stroke prevalence was higher in cannabis users (1.1%) compared to non-users (0.8%), with an Odds Ratio of 1.17.
  • Ischemic stroke (1.2%) and hemorrhagic stroke (0.3%) were more prevalent in cannabis users; most survivors had good neurological outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Cannabis use is associated with an increased prevalence of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.
  • The study highlights a higher incidence of stroke in cannabis users compared to the general population.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the dose-response relationship and specific exposure factors.