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3D Printing for Cardiovascular Applications: From End-to-End Processes to Emerging Developments.
Ramtin Gharleghi1, Claire A Dessalles2, Ronil Lal1
1Faculty of Engineering, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing, UNSW, Sydney, Australia.
Annals of Biomedical Engineering
|May 18, 2021
Summary
3D printing is revolutionizing cardiovascular medicine by creating realistic patient-specific models. These advanced 3D printed phantoms improve research, clinical applications, and medical education for better patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Medical Imaging
- Cardiovascular Research
Background:
- 3D printing has become integral to cardiovascular applications over the past decade.
- This technology significantly impacts cardiovascular research, clinical translation, and education.
- It enhances understanding of the cardiovascular system, leading to improved devices, tools, and patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the latest advancements and future directions in 3D printed medical replicas (phantoms) for cardiovascular applications.
- To detail the complete process from medical imaging to the use of 3D printed models.
- To explore emerging technologies, including bioprinting and virtual/mixed reality solutions.
Main Methods:
- Comparison of medical imaging modalities for data acquisition.
- Overview of segmentation and post-processing techniques for image preparation.
- Detailed exploration of current 3D printing methods, materials, and applications.
Main Results:
- 3D printing enables the creation of increasingly realistic, patient-specific cardiovascular models.
- Milestone applications in research, clinical use, and education have been identified.
- Future innovations promise enhanced realism, bioprinting, tissue engineering, and VR/MR integration.
Conclusions:
- 3D printing technology is rapidly advancing cardiovascular medicine.
- Patient-specific models with replicated properties, anatomy, and function are becoming a reality.
- The integration of 3D printing with bioprinting and VR/MR will shape future cardiovascular care and research.
