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Salinity and Water-Related Disease Risk in Coastal Bangladesh
Khatun Mst Asma1,2, Koji Kotani3,4,5,6
1School of Economics and Management, Kochi University of Technology, Kochi, Japan.
Ecohealth
|May 18, 2021
Summary
Climate change-induced salinity increases coastal Bangladesh disease risk. Consuming rainwater and improving nutrition can mitigate these water-related health threats for vulnerable populations.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Public Health
- Climate Change Adaptation
Background:
- Coastal Bangladesh faces rising surface and ground-water salinity due to climate change.
- Increased salinity poses a significant threat to the health of coastal inhabitants.
- Limited understanding exists regarding the specific impact of salinity on water-related diseases and effective mitigation strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between coastal water salinity and the prevalence of water-related diseases.
- To identify sociodemographic and anthropometric factors influencing disease risk in coastal areas.
- To explore potential mitigation measures for reducing health risks in salinity-affected regions.
Main Methods:
- A questionnaire survey was conducted with 527 households in coastal Bangladesh.
- Subjects were recruited from both salinity-affected (254 households) and non-salinity (273 households) rural areas.
- Logistic regression analysis was employed to assess the relationship between salinity, disease risk, and other factors.
Main Results:
- The probability of suffering from water-borne, water-washed, and water-related diseases was significantly higher (8%, 14%, and 11% respectively) in salinity-affected areas.
- Rainwater consumption as a drinking source was associated with a reduced risk of water-related diseases, even in saline areas.
- Individuals with an underweight body mass index exhibited a higher likelihood of contracting water-related diseases.
Conclusions:
- Long-term rainwater reservation is a viable countermeasure against water-related diseases in coastal Bangladesh.
- Community-based food security and nutrition programs are crucial for mitigating health risks and ensuring the sustainability of coastal populations.
- Addressing salinity-driven health issues is essential for adapting to climate change impacts in vulnerable coastal regions.
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